1. Full name of PhD student: Bui Minh Hao 2. Gender: Male
3. Date of birth: August 2, 1986 4. Place of birth: Nghe An
5. Decision on recognition of PhD students: QH-2016-X.
6. Changes in training process (if any): No
7. Thesis topic: Cultural capital in the market economic development of the Dao people in Sa Pa district, Lao Cai province
8. Major: Anthropology 9. Code: 62 31 03 02
10. Scientific advisor: Associate Professor, Dr. Vuong Xuan Tinh
Associate Professor, Dr. Nguyen Truong Giang
11. Summary of new results of the thesis:
1. Research purpose
The purpose of the thesis is to provide a system of information and arguments on the formation of the market economy of the Dao people in Sa Pa district, Lao Cai province; determine cultural capital and the role of cultural capital in the development of the market economy of the Dao people; and analyze the process of the Dao people applying cultural capital to develop the market economy in some specific areas such as the market of spices and medicinal materials, the market of brocade and community tourism.
2. Research subjects
The research object of the thesis is the market economic activities of the Dao people in Sa Pa district and the application of cultural capital to market economic activities in some specific fields such as spice trade, medicinal trade, brocade market development and community tourism.
3. Research methods
Research methods used: in addition to general methods such as analysis, synthesis, comparison and quantitative methods, the author focuses on ethnographic-anthropological fieldwork methods, in which the main tools used are in-depth interviews, group discussions and participant observation.
4. Main results, new contributions of the thesis and conclusions
4.1. Main results
- Firstly, the thesis systematically presents some important market economic activities of the Dao people in Sa Pa, focusing on important areas such as medicinal economic development, cardamom network, community tourism or brocade trade with unique ethnic cultural features.
- Second, the thesis has deeply analyzed the relationship between cultural resources and market economic development of the Dao people in Sa Pa. Up to now, the role of cultural resources in economic development has been mentioned by many authors. However, in this thesis, culture is analyzed as a type of capital. Analyzing the role of cultural capital and the ways in which the Dao people apply cultural capital to market economic development is a new content and shows a different perspective to better understand this relationship. In that aspect, the thesis has deeply analyzed cultural capital in market economic development of the Dao people.
- Third, the thesis systematically presents the process of applying cultural capital to the development of the market economy of the Dao people in Sa Pa in four important areas. First, the thesis analyzes the role of cultural capital in the development of the cardamom trade market of the Dao people in Sa Pa. Second, the thesis analyzes the role of cultural capital in the development of the medicinal bath trade network of the Dao people in Sa Pa. Third, the thesis analyzes the role of cultural capital in the development of the brocade trade network. Fourth, the thesis analyzes the role of cultural capital in the development of community tourism of the Dao people in Sa Pa.
- Fourthly, in terms of methodology, the thesis has expanded the concept of cultural capital and the framework for analyzing cultural capital. That is the expansion of the concept of cultural capital in a different way to apply to its specific research object, thereby creating a more reasonable analytical framework in the research process. The approach to cultural capital, from a certain perspective, has great value in analyzing the relationship between culture and economic development.
4.2. New contributions of the thesis
The thesis systematically presents the history of formation and the development process from commodity economy to market economy of the Dao people in Sa Pa district, Lao Cai province. On that basis, the thesis analyzes the role of cultural capital in the development of market economy and the process of applying cultural capital to the development of market economy in some areas such as the market of spices, medicinal materials, brocade trade and community tourism.
The thesis has applied a new theory in social science research in Vietnam, which is the theory of cultural capital. From this theory, the author of the thesis has built a separate analytical framework to apply appropriately to the research topic.
The thesis has provided systematic information on the market economic activities of the Dao people in Sa Pa. Thereby, the thesis clarifies the process of applying cultural capital to the development of the market for spices, medicinal herbs, brocade trade, community tourism, and the relationship between culture and development.
4.3. Conclusion
In the context of rapidly depleting natural resources, development based on cultural capital is an important orientation. Compared to natural capital, cultural capital is more diverse, richer, and more evenly distributed when almost every community has its own cultural capital. Moreover, cultural capital is also more renewable than natural resources. In particular, development from cultural capital is also more sustainable when culture itself is the crystallization of interactions between people and nature and people and society over many different generations. Therefore, economic development from cultural capital is a path towards sustainable development.
The study on the role of cultural capital and its application in the development of the market economy of the Dao people in Sa Pa has both theoretical and practical value for the awareness and policy making related to this issue. In theory, this study helps to better understand the importance of cultural capital as well as the application of cultural capital in the process of developing the market economy. In practice, this study shows that if applied appropriately, economic development based on cultural capital will bring many other benefits. That also helps to preserve and promote the value of cultural heritage in a more positive and effective way.
12. Further research directions: Continue to expand research on cultural capital and the application of cultural capital to the market economic development of ethnic minority communities in many different localities to compare and further clarify the role of cultural capital in development in ethnic minority areas.
13. Publications related to the thesis:
Bui Minh Hao (2016), “The role of folk knowledge in the development of commodity economy of the Dao people”, Journal of Culture and Arts, (382), pp. 28-31.Bui Minh Hao (2018), “Positioning and reflexivity in qualitative research: a methodological approach in the study of the market economy of the Dao people in Sa Pa district, Lao Cai province”, Journal of Ethnic Studies, (22), pp. 55-61.
Bui Minh Hao (2018), “Cultural capital in the development of the market economy of the Dao people: An anthropological theoretical approach”, Journal of Social Science Information, (6), pp. 29-36.
Bui Minh Hao (2018), “Research and evaluation of the research situation on the market economy of the Dao people in the development process of the Northwest mountainous region”, Journal of Ethnic Studies, (23), pp. 119-125.
Bui Minh Hao (2020), “The medicinal bath trade network of the Dao people in Sa Pa: An approach of developmental anthropology”, Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, vol. 6, (2b), pp. 275-292.
Bui Minh Hao (2021), “Cultural capital and access to cultural capital in development research”, Journal of Lexicography and Encyclopedia, (1), pp. 135-140.
Bui Minh Hao (2021), “Cultural capital in community tourism development (case study of Dao people in Ta Phin commune, Sa Pa, Lao Cai”, Journal of Vietnamese Cultural Studies, (1), pp. 22-34.
Bui Minh Hao (2021), “The Dao Cardamom Commercial Network in A High Region Community of North West Vietnam”, Journal of Business and Economics, ISSN 2155-7950, USA March 2021, Volume 12, (3), pp. 330-340.
Bui Minh Hao, Tran Thi Minh Anh, Nguyen Tran Minh Ngoc Nguyen Thi My Ngoc, Nguyen Dinh Cao Tri (2021), “Associating With Developed Purpose Network Of Community-Based Tourism Of The Dao People In Northwest Vietnam”, In 13th Neu-Kku International Conference “Socio-Economic And Environmental Issues In Development. Khon Kaen university and National Economics University Proceedings. Hanoi, June 10, 2021. Finance Publishing House, pp. 1893-1908.
Bui Minh Hao (2021), “Market Econimy, Cultural Capital and Gender Issues in the Dao Community in Northwest Vietnam”, Journal of Business and Economics, ISSN 2155-7950, USA May 2021, Volume 12, (5), pp. 558-568.
INFORMATION ON DOCTORAL THESIS
1. Full name: Bui Minh Hao. 2. Sex: Men
3. Date of birth: August 2, 1986. 4. Place of birth: Nghe An
5. Admission decision number: QH-2016-X
6. Changes in academic process: No change
7. Official thesis title: Cultural Capital in the Development of Market Economy among Dao People in Sapa District, Lao Cai Province.
8. Major: Anthropology. 9. Code: 62 31 03 02
10. Supervisors: Assoc. Prof. Ph.D. Vuong Xuan Tinh
Assoc. Prof. Ph.D. Nguyen Truong Giang
11. Summary of the new findings of the thesis
1. Research Purposes
The research purposes of the thesis are to provide a documentations and arguments system about the market economy formation of Dao people in Sa Pa district, Lao Cai province. My research also aims to determine cultural capital and its role in the market economy development of Dao group. structuring, the thesis analyzes processes that Dao people apply cultural capital to develop the market economy in a number of specific fields such as the market for flavorings and medicinal herbs, the brocade market and community tourism.
2. Research objects of the Dissertation
The research objects of this thesis are the market economic activities of Dao people in Sa Pa district and the application of cultural capital to market economic activities in a number of specific fields such as flavoring trade, pharmaceutical trade, brocade market development and community tourism.
3. Research Methods
The research methods employed: besides applying general research methods such as analysis, synthesis, comparison and quantitative methods, the author focuses on using ethnographic-anthropological fieldwork methods, which mainly included in-depth interviews, group discussions and participatory observations.
4. Main findings, new contributions of the thesis and conclusions
- Firstly, the thesis has scientifically documented important market economic activities of the Dao people in Sa Pa. It focuses on significant areas that are imbued with Dao ethnic culture, including the development of the pharmaceutical economy, the cardamom trading network, the community-based tourism, and brocade trade.
- Secondly, the thesis has, in depth, analyzed the relationship between cultural resources and market economy developments of the Dao people in Sa Pa. Culture has often been analyzed as types of resources in many studies on economic development. However, in this research, I look at culture as a type of capital. The analysis of the roles of cultural capital and how the Dao people apply cultural capital to the development of the market economy is relatively new and promises a different perspective to better understand this relationship. In that respect, the thesis has deeply analyzed the cultural capital in the development of the market economy of the Dao.
- Thirdly, the thesis has systematically presented the processes in which Dao people in Sa Pa apply their cultural capital to the market economy development in four essential areas. Firstly, the thesis analyzes the roles of cultural capital in the cardamom trade market development of the Dao in Sa Pa. Secondly, the thesis analyzes the role of cultural capital in the medicinal bath trade network development of Dao people in Sa Pa. Thirdly, the thesis analyzes the roles of cultural capital in the development of the brocade trade network. Finally, the thesis analyzes the roles of cultural capital in the development of community tourism of Dao people in Sa Pa. Community-based tourism relies heavily on cultural capital, in which, in addition to community cultural factors, individual culture, and social networks play an important role. The Dao has effectively exploited their cultural capital to develop community-based tourism.
- Fourthly, in terms of methodology, the thesis has expanded the concept of cultural capital and the analytical framework for cultural capital. This is an extension of the concept of cultural capital in a different way to apply to my specific research object, thereby creating a more reasonable analytical framework in the research process. Approaching cultural capital is, in some ways, a highly effective approach in analyzing the relationship between culture and economic development.
4.2. The new contributions of the thesis
- It systematically presents a history of formation, a process of development from the goods economy to the market economy among Dao people in Sapa, Lao Cai. It analyzes the roles of cultural capital in the market economy development and its application process into the development of the market economy in terms of spices, medicines, brocade trade, and community tourism.
- It applies a relatively new theory to the research of social sciences in Vietnam, which is about cultural capital. Based on this theory, it builds up an exclusive framework/system of analysis appropriately applied to the thesis.
- Also, it provides scientific information related to the market economy activities run by the Dao people, through which the process of the cultural capital application into the market development of spices, medicines, brocade trade, and community tourism, as well as the relationship between culture and development, is being clarified.
4.3. Conclusions:
- In the context of rapidly depleting natural resources, development based on cultural capital is an extremely important direction. Compared with natural capital sources, cultural capital sources are more diverse, richer, and more evenly distributed when almost every community has its own cultural capital. Furthermore, cultural capital is more renewable than natural resources. In particular, the development of cultural capital is also more sustainable when culture itself is the crystallization of interactions between people with nature and people with society through many generations. Therefore, economic development from cultural capital is a path toward sustainable development.
- The study of the role of cultural capital and the application of cultural capital in the development of the market economy of the Dao in Sa Pa is, therefore, both theoretical and practically valuable for awareness and policy-making related to this issue. In theory, this study helps to better understand the importance of cultural capital as well as the application of cultural capital in the development of the market economy. In practice, this study shows that if applied appropriately, economic development based on cultural capital will bring many other benefits. This also helps to preserve and promote cultural heritage values in a more active and effective way.
12. The further research direction:
To keep on the research related to cultural capital and its applications into the market economy development among the ethnic people in different regions for the comparisons and clarifications of cultural capital roles in their development.
13. Published works related to the thesis
Bui Minh Hao (2016), “The role of folklore knowledge in the development of goods economy among Dao people”, Journal of Culture and Arts (382), pp. 28-31.
Bui Minh Hao (2018), "Positioning and reflexivity in the qualitative research: an access to the methodology for the research on the market economy among Dao people in Sapa, Laocai", Journal of Ethnic Minority Research, (22), pp. 55-61.
Bui Minh Hao (2018), "Cultural capital in the development of market economy among Dao people: An access to an anthropological theory", Journal of Social Science Information, (6), pp. 29-36.
Bui Minh Hao (2018), "Research and assessment on research process of market economy among Dao people during the period of development in the Tay Bac mountainous region", Journal of Ethnic Minority Research, (23), pp. 119-125.
Bui Minh Hao (2020), "Commercial network of Dao people's bath medicines in Sapa, an access to the development anthropology", Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, Volume 6, (2b), pp. 275-292.
Bui Minh Hao (2021), "Cultural capital and an access to the cultural capital in the research on development", Journal of Dictionaries and Encyclopedia, (1), pp. 135-140.
Bui Minh Hao (2021), "Cultural capital in community tourism development (case study on Dao people in Ta Phin, Sa Pa, Lao Cai)", Journal of Vietnam Culture Research, (1), pp. 22-34.
Bui Minh Hao (2021), “The Dao Cardamom Commercial Network in A High Region Community of North West Vietnam”, Journal of Business and Economics, ISSN 2155-7950, USA March 2021, Volume 12, (3), pp. 330-340.
Bui Minh Hao, Tran Thi Minh Anh, Nguyen Tran Minh Ngoc Nguyen Thi My Ngoc, Nguyen Dinh Cao Tri (2021), “Associating With Developed Purpose Network Of Community-Based Tourism Of The Dao People In Northwest Vietnam”, In 13th Neu-Kku International Conference “Socio-Economic And Environmental Issues In Development. Khon Kaen university and National Economics University Proceedings. Hanoi, June 10, 2021. Finance Publishing House, pp.1893-1908.
Bui Minh Hao (2021), “Market Econimy, Cultural Capital and Gender Issues in the Dao Community in Northwest Vietnam”, Journal of Business and Economics, ISSN 2155-7950, USA May 2021, Volume 12, (5), pp. 558-568.
