1. Full name of the doctoral student: Khuat Thi Phuong2. Gender: Female
3. Date of birth: 09/01/1981 4. Place of birth:Hanoi
5. Decision to admit doctoral studentsDecision No.Decision No. 4055/2022/QD-XHNV dated December 28, 2022, of the Rector of the University of Social Sciences and Humanities on the recognition of doctoral students in 2022..
6. Changes in the training processDecision No. 3934/QD-XHNV dated August 6, 2024, of the PrincipalThe University of Social Sciences and Humanities is requesting a change/adjustment to the title of the doctoral dissertation.
7.Name topic talent essay case:"Local support for community-based tourism development in Hoa Binh province"
8. Specialization branch: Tourism 9. Code number: 9810101.01
10. Instructor:Assoc. Prof. Dr. Vu Anh Dung
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Tran Duc Thanh
11. Summary of the new findings of the thesis:
11.1. In theory:
This study contributes to the theoretical framework of community support for tourism development by proposing and testing an integrated research model combining Social Exchange Theory, Collective Rationality, and Stakeholder Theory. This integrated approach allows for the explanation of public support not only based on individual assessments, but also within the specific community and institutional context in which tourism development decisions are made.
In the research model, Social Exchange Theory is used to explain people's attitudes and behaviors in favor of tourism through perceived cost-benefit assessments at the individual level. The Collective Rationality approach extends this analytical framework to the community level, emphasizing that decisions in favor of or against tourism development are the result of interaction, negotiation, and consensus-building among community members, based on shared values and social norms. Stakeholder Theory is applied to clarify the institutional context and the relationships between participating actors, particularly the role of local authorities in facilitating or restricting community participation in tourism-related decisions.
Based on the collective rationality approach, the study examines community empowerment as a concrete and observable manifestation of collective reason in the practice of community-based tourism development. Instead of approaching empowerment as a general state, the study focuses on the degree of empowerment, reflecting the extent to which local communities are genuinely involved in decision-making processes, have certain control over tourism resources, and have their voices recognized in governance mechanisms. The degree of empowerment, therefore, reflects the extent to which tourism development decisions are formed through community consensus, rather than solely based on external decisions.
Based on this argument, the study proposes and tests the role of community empowerment level as a moderating variable in the relationship between antecedent factors and public support for community tourism development. The results show that when the empowerment level is low, public support is primarily based on individual cost-benefit assessments. Conversely, when the empowerment level is higher, public support is more shaped by community considerations and common interests, clearly reflecting the role of collective reason in the decision-making process.
Through this approach, the study contributes to expanding the analysis of community support in the context of mountainous ethnic minority communities, where social relationships and informal institutions remain crucial. By connecting individual, community, and institutional factors within a unified quantitative model, the study clarifies the mechanisms by which people support community-based tourism development in the Vietnamese context.
11.2. In practical terms:
This research provides a scientific basis for localities like Hoa Binh province to develop and adjust community-based tourism development policies that are appropriate to local socio-cultural conditions. The research results show that public support depends not only on economic benefits but also on the extent to which people participate and have a voice in the tourism development process.
Therefore, the study suggests that community-based tourism development policies need to reduce top-down approaches and instead enhance genuine community participation in stages such as planning, decision-making, and tourism management. When people are more involved and empowered, support for community-based tourism tends to increase.
Furthermore, the study provides a set of quantitative survey tools that can be used in tourism management practices at the local level. These tools help relevant management agencies and organizations assess the level of public willingness to participate in and support community-based tourism destinations. Based on the assessment results, localities can identify specific solutions such as improving community consultation mechanisms, increasing transparency in sharing tourism benefits, or organizing training activities to enhance local management capacity.
These suggestions are suitable for the development of community-based tourism in Hoa Binh province and can be applied to other mountainous localities with similar conditions.
12. Directions for further research
Firstly, regarding the scope of the study, further research needs to expand the survey area beyond Hoa Binh province to verify the model's generalizability. Comparing localities with different levels of community tourism development and diverse ethnic minority populations will help clarify the role of the development context and socio-cultural characteristics in shaping community support. Through this, the research model can be adjusted to better suit different local conditions.
Secondly, regarding the theoretical model, future studies could expand it by incorporating additional contextual factors such as internal power structures, institutional legitimacy, and the role of informal social networks. These factors can significantly influence consensus formation and advocacy behavior, but have not been fully considered in the current model.
Thirdly, regarding research methodology, it is necessary to combine quantitative and qualitative methods, as well as apply a time-series research design. This approach not only helps to more reliably test causal relationships, but also clarifies the formation and transformation of community support in different stages of tourism development.
13. Related published works
(1). Khuat Thi Phuong, Tran Duc Thanh (2025),"Factors Affecting Residents' Support for Community Tourism Development in Sung Village, Da Bac District, Hoa Binh Province”,Proceedings of 21st NEU – KKU International conference on Socio-Economic and Environment issues in Development, pp.2949-2960.
(2).Khuat Thi Phuong, Tran Duc Thanh (2025), “The Moderating Role of Empowerment in Explaining Residents' Support for Community-Based Tourism Development in Da Bac District, Hoa Binh Province,Proceedings of Innovation for Global Development”, pp.564-580.
(3).Khuat Thi Phuong, Tran Duc Thanh (2025), “An Overview of Resident's Support for Tourism Development”Proceedings of the 3rdPhenikaa University's Business and Economics Conference -Managing operations and supply chain in the new era,pp. 814-827.
(4).Khuat Thi Phuong, Tran Duc Thanh (2025), “Individual and Collective Rationality in Eplaining Resident's Support for Tourism Development: Evidence from Giang Mo”,Proceedings of “Contemporary Issues in Tourism Research”,pp. 1138-1154.
INFORMATION ON DOCTORAL THESIS
1. Full name: Khuat Thi Phuong
2. Sex: Female
3. Date of birthJanuary 9, 1981 4. Place of birth:Hanoi
5. Amission decision number4055/2022/QD-XHNV dated December 28, 2022 by the Rector of the University of Social Sciences and Humanities on the recognition of doctoral students in 2022.
6. Changes in academic process: Decision No. 3934/QD-XHNV dated August 6, 2024, of the Rectorof the University of Social Sciences and Humanities regarding the change/adjustment of the thesis title of the doctoral candidate.
7.Collective Thesis title:"Residents' support for community tourism development in Hoa Binh province”
8.Wall:Tourism 9. Code: 9810101.01
10. Supervisor:Assoc. Prof. Dr. Vu Anh Dung
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Tran Duc Thanh
11. Summary of the new findings of the thesis:
11.1. In theory:
This study contributes to the theoretical framework of community support for tourism development by arguing and testing an integrated research model combining Social Exchange Theory, Collective Rationality, and Stakeholder Theory. This integrated approach allows for the explanation of public support not only based on individual assessments, but also within the specific community and institutional context in which tourism development decisions are made.
In the research model, Social Exchange Theory is used to explain people's attitudes and behaviors in favor of tourism through perceived cost-benefit assessments at the individual level. The Collective Rationality approach extends this analytical framework to the community level, emphasizing that decisions in favor of or against tourism development are the result of interaction, negotiation, and consensus-building among community members, based on shared values and social norms. Stakeholder Theory is applied to clarify the institutional context and the relationships between participating actors, particularly the role of local authorities in facilitating or restricting community participation in tourism-related decisions.
Based on the collective rationality approach, the study examines community empowerment as a concrete and observable manifestation of collective reason in the practice of community-based tourism development. Instead of approaching empowerment as a general state, the study focuses on the degree of empowerment, reflects the extent to which local communities are truly involved in decision-making processes, have certain control over tourism resources, and have their voices recognized in governance mechanisms. The degree of empowerment, therefore, reflects the extent to which tourism development decisions are formed through community consensus, rather than solely based on external decisions.
Based on this argument, the study proposes and tests the role of community empowerment level as a moderating variable in the relationship between antecedent factors and public support for community tourism development. The results show that when the empowerment level is low, public support is primarily based on individual cost-benefit assessments. Contrary, when the empowerment level is higher, public support is more shaped by community considerations and common interests, clearly reflecting the role of collective reason in the decision-making process.
Through this approach, the study communities contribute to expanding the analysis of community support in the context of mountainous ethnic minority, where social relationships and informal institutions remain crucial. By connecting individual, community, and institutional factors within a unified quantitative model, the study clarifies the mechanisms by which people support community-based tourism development in the Vietnamese context.
11.2. In practical terms:
This research provides a scientific basis for localities like Hoa Binh province to develop and adjust community-based tourism development policies that are appropriate to local socio-cultural conditions. The research results show that public support depends not only on economic benefits but also on the extent to which people participate and have a voice in the tourism development process.
Therefore, the study suggests that community-based tourism development policies need to reduce top-down approaches and instead enhance genuine community participation in stages such as planning, decision-making, and tourism management. When people are more involved and empowered, support for community-based tourism tends to increase.
Furthermore, the study provides a set of quantitative survey tools that can be used in tourism management practices at the local level. These tools help relevant management agencies and organizations assess the level of public willingness to participate in and support community-based tourism destinations. Based on the assessment results, localities can identify specific solutions such as improving community consultation mechanisms, increasing transparency in sharing tourism benefits, or organizing training activities to enhance local management capacity.
These suggestions are suitable for the development of community-based tourism in Hoa Binh province and can be applied to other mountainous localities with similar conditions.
12. Further research directions
Firstly, regarding the scope of the study, further research needs to expand the survey area beyond Hoa Binh province to verify the model's generalizability. Comparing localities with different levels of community tourism development and diverse ethnic minority populations will help clarify the role of the development context and socio-cultural characteristics in shaping community support. Through this, the research model can be adjusted to better suit different local conditions.
Secondly, regarding the theoretical model, future studies could expand it by incorporating additional contextual factors such as internal power structures, institutional legitimacy, and the role of informal social networks. These factors can significantly influence consensus formation and advocacy behavior, but have not been fully considered in the current model.
Thirdly, regarding research methodology, it is necessary to combine quantitative and qualitative methods, as well as apply a time-series research design. This approach not only helps to more reliably test causal relationships, but also clarifies the formation and transformation of community support in different stages of tourism development.
13. Thesis -related publication
(1). Khuat Thi Phuong, Tran Duc Thanh (2025),"Factors Affecting Residents' Support for Community Tourism Development in Sung Village, Da Bac District, Hoa Binh Province”,Proceedings of 21st NEU – KKU International conference on Socio-Economic and Environment issues in Development, pp.2949-2960.
(2). Khuat Thi Phuong, Tran Duc Thanh (2025), “The Moderating Role of Empowerment in Explaining Residents' Support for Community-Based Tourism Development in Da Bac District, Hoa Binh Province,Proceedings of Innovation for Global Development”, pp.564-580.
(3) .Khuat Thi Phuong, Tran Duc Thanh (2025), “An Overview of Resident's Support for Tourism Development”Proceedings of the 3rdPhenikaaUniversity's Business and Economics Conference -Managing operations and supply chain in the new era,pp. 814-827.
(4) .Khuat Thi Phuong, Tran Duc Thanh (2025), “Individual and Collective Rationality in Eplaining Resident's Support for Tourism Development: Evidence from Giang Mo”,Proceedings of “Contemporary Issues in Tourism Research”,pp. 1138-1154.
Author:Department of Training and Non-profit Organization
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