TTLA: The Community Spirit of Young Vietnamese Entrepreneurs

1. Full name of doctoral candidate: Nguyen Dieu Huong 2. Gender: Female

3. Date of birth: December 19, 1983 4. Place of birth: Hanoi

5. Decision No. 2999/2013/QD-XHNV-SDH dated December 30, 2013, of the Rector of the University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, recognizing the doctoral student.

6. Changes in the training process:

Documents extending the study period No. 4619/QD-XHNV dated December 29, 2016 (extended until the end of June 2017); Documents extending the study period No. 3550/QD-XHNV dated December 29, 2017 (extended until the end of March 2018).

7. Thesis title:The sense of community among young Vietnamese entrepreneurs.

8. Major: Psychology; 9. Code: 62 31 04 01

10. Scientific supervisor: Prof. Dr. Nguyen Huu Thu, lecturer at the Faculty of Psychology, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University, Hanoi.

11. Summarize thenew resultsof the thesis:

From a theoretical perspective...

Building upon the perspectives of psychologists worldwide and in Vietnam, we believe that:Communalism is a prominent psychological characteristic of individuals and social groups, oriented towards common values ​​and goals, expressed through their beliefs, attitudes, and interactions and behaviors. The sense of community among young entrepreneurs is a prominent psychological characteristic of businesspeople aged 18 to 40 who, driven by shared values ​​and goals, invest capital in a particular business sector to generate profit and pursue common values ​​and objectives. This is reflected in their beliefs, attitudes, and interactions..

The sense of community among young Vietnamese entrepreneurs is manifested in three aspects: belief, attitude, and behavior. These three aspects are dialectically and objectively interconnected, influencing and affecting each other within the community spirit of young Vietnamese entrepreneurs.

From a practical standpoint

The results of practical research in three aspects (the community spirit of young entrepreneurs as expressed through beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors) in Hanoi and Hai Phong allow us to draw two general conclusions that affirm the research hypothesis:

- The sense of community among young Vietnamese entrepreneurs is at an average level. This is consistent with the research hypothesis presented in the thesis.

- This sense of community depends on both subjective and objective factors, with objective factors (specifically, the economic conditions, capabilities, and financial resources of the business) being the most important. This is because most young Vietnamese entrepreneurs must balance the resources and financial capabilities of their businesses before seeking support, cooperation, and assistance from society and others. This greatly impacts their sense of community.

The sense of community among young entrepreneurs is demonstrated in the following specific ways:

The sense of community among young Vietnamese entrepreneurs is manifested through their above-average trust in society, the young business community, customers, and employees. Together with their businesses, young entrepreneurs make significant contributions to increasing state budget revenue, creating jobs and income for millions of workers, stabilizing society, and promoting the country's industrialization and modernization process in line with regional and global integration. This above-average level of trust is evident in the community spirit of young entrepreneurs.

+ From an attitudinal and emotional perspective, the sense of community among young Vietnamese entrepreneurs is also highly evident. Many young entrepreneurs are reluctant to share knowledge and experience in production, business, market trends, and business opportunities with colleagues. The majority of young entrepreneurs are not truly enthusiastic about and receptive to customer feedback regarding their company's production and business activities. However, the sense of community among young entrepreneurs is reflected in their attitudes at a high level.

From a behavioral perspective, the sense of community among young Vietnamese entrepreneurs is at an average level: they still haven't fully complied with all legal regulations regarding the discharge of untreated wastewater and air into the surrounding environment; they still have limitations in combating deviant business practices (tax evasion, counterfeiting, trading in prohibited goods, etc.); the actions demonstrating this sense of community among young entrepreneurs in their relationships with customers and employees—sharing difficulties, showing concern, and ensuring the rights of employees and customers—show that the relationship is at an average level, not "selfless" but rather based on exchange, mutual benefit, and more "calculated." The sense of community among young entrepreneurs is expressed through their actions at an average level.

Propose several socio-psychological measures to enhance the community spirit of young Vietnamese entrepreneurs, such as: 1. Amending and supplementing State policies towards young businesses to make them more appropriate; 2. Strengthening and enhancing the activities of the Young Entrepreneurs Association through activities such as workshops, seminars, etc., and connecting State management agencies with businesses and between businesses themselves to improve the capacity and influence of the Young Entrepreneurs Association; 3. Building corporate culture and entrepreneurial culture.

12. Practical applications: (if any)

13. Future research directions: (if any)

14. Published works related to the dissertation:

1. Nguyen Dieu Huong (2016), “Community-based Approach: Discussions and Studies on Community in Vietnam”,Journal of Social Science Information(7), pp. 35-41.

2. Nguyen Dieu Huong (2017), “Vietnamese young entrepreneurs’ awareness of community through evaluating the role and social responsibility of entrepreneurs”,Journal of Social Psychology(4), pp.118-126.

3. Nguyen Dieu Huong (2018), “Community spirit of young Vietnamese entrepreneurs as expressed through attitudes”,Journal of Social Psychology(8), pp.43-52.

4. Nguyen Dieu Huong (2018), “Community spirit of young Vietnamese entrepreneurs as demonstrated through their behavior and conduct”,Journal of Social Psychology(9), pp.14-23.

5. Nguyen Dieu Huong (2018), “Factors affecting the community spirit of young Vietnamese entrepreneurs”,Journal of Social Psychology(10), pp. 31-38.

INFORMATION ON DOCTORAL THESIS

1. Full name: Nguyen Dieu Huong 2. Sex: Female

3. Date of birth: December 19, 1983 4. Place of birth: Hanoi

5. PhD candidate admission decision number: 1883/QD-XHNV-DHQGHN Dated: October 21, 2010

6. Changes in academic process:

Extension decision No 4619/QD-XHNV (Dec 12^th(2016) until June 31^st, 2017

Extension decision No 3550/QD-XHNV (Dec 29^th(2017) until March 31^st, 2018

7. Official thesis title: Community of young entrepreneurs in Vietnam

8. Major: Psychology 9. Code: 60 31 04 01

10. Supervisors: Prof. Nguyen Huu Thu, lecturer, Psychology Department, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University, Hanoi

11. Summary of the results:

Theoretical Basis for the Study

From worldwide and local studies in the existing literature that are present in the proposed study, collectivism is considered as notable psychological trait of individuals or groups that subscribe to a collectivistic worldview that tends to find common values ​​and goals as particularly salient. Collectivism shows a consistent association with beliefs, attitudes, and interpersonal patterns of interaction.

Collectivism of young entrepreneurs is as notable psychological trait of individuals, groups (ages from 18 to 40) who invest money in business sectors to gain profits toward common purposes and values. Collectivism of young entrepreneurs is expressed through their beliefs, attitudes, and interpersonal patterns of interaction.

Epicerical Results

Empirical research results in young entrepreneurs' beliefs, interpersonal patterns of interaction and attitude in Hanoi and Hai Phong draw two conclusions which confirm the hypothesis:

- Level of collectivism of young Vietnamese entrepreneurs is above average.

- There is correlation among beliefs toward society, attitude and pattern of interactions of young Vietnamese entrepreneurs. Subjective and objective factors both affect the collectivism forming and developing process. The latter (financial status, competence, financial resources) has bigger influences. It is mainly because they (as leaders of a company) have to consider their company's resources, financial conditions before helping others.

Details of main points of the results:

+ Observing young Vietnamese entrepreneurs' beliefs, we found out their collectivism is above average. Young Vietnamese entrepreneurs play an important role in increasing state budget revenue, creating jobs and better opportunities for the people and highly contributing to the development of the country. Level of collectivism (regarding beliefs on society) of young Vietnamese entrepreneurs is above average.

+ Observing young Vietnamese entrepreneurs' collectivism through their attitude and emotions, collectivism level is high. Many of them are not interested in sharing their knowledge, experience, information and opportunities with colleagues. Most of them are not willing to listen to clients' criticism and contribution to their business. Level of collectivism (regarding attitude) of young Vietnamese entrepreneurs is high.

+ Observing young Vietnamese entrepreneurs' collectivism through their actions, the level is just average. They are still not following environmental law, for instance, the law of cleaning exhaust fumes and waste water in factories. They are still avoiding going against illegal business doing such as avoiding taxes, trading counterfeit and trading contraband goods. Other community activities such as helping, caring about labors and customers, protecting their rights, are just done because of the benefits in exchange, not because of its true nature. Level of collectivism (regarding interactions) of young Vietnamese entrepreneurs is average

Some suggestions to increase collectivism of Vietnamese entrepreneurs are: (1) making amendments and implementations to government policies as an effort to create better environment for doing business; (2) strengthening and enhancing the activities of the Youth Entrepreneurs Association through activities such as seminars, conferences, etc., and the linkage between state management agencies and enterprises and between enterprises to improve capacity influence and influence of the Young Entrepreneurs Association; (3) paying more attention on building entrepreneurial culture and organizational culture.

12. Practical application possibilities:

13. Recommendations for further research:

14. Dissertation-related publications:

1. Nguyen Dieu Huong (2016), “Community Approach: The Arguments and Studies”,Social Science Information Review(7), pp.35-41.

2. Nguyen Dieu Huong (2017), “Awareness of Vietnamese Young Entrepreneurs on Community Characteristics through the Assessment of the Role and Social Responsibility of Entrepreneurs”,Journal of Social Psychology(4), pp.118-126.

3. Nguyen Dieu Huong (2018), “Sense of Community of Young Entrepreneurs Expressed through Attitude”,Journal of Social Psychology(8), pp.43-52.

4. Nguyen Dieu Huong (2018), “Sense of Community of Young Entrepreneurs Expressed through Behavior”,Journal of Social Psychology(9), pp.14-23.

5. Nguyen Dieu Huong (2018), “Factors Affecting the Community of Young Vietnamese Entrepreneurs”,Journal of Social Psychology(10), pp.31-38.