TTLA: Research on Vietnamese Tao Le Stele

1. Full name of the researcher:Vu Thi Lan Anh2. Gender: Female

3. Date of birth: September 19, 1974 4. Place of birth: Tuyen Quang

5. Decision on recognition of PhD students No. 3684/2015/QD-XHNV, dated December 31, 2015 of the President of the University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University, Hanoi.

6. Changes in training process: No

7. Thesis topic name:Research on Vietnamese Stele Inscriptions

8. Major: Han Nom 9. Code: 62 22 01 04

10. Scientific advisor: Associate Professor, Dr. Trinh Khac Manh

11. Summary of new results of the thesis:

- The thesis has introduced the concept of Tao le and Tao le stele text, comprehensively and deeply researched the entire number of units of Tao le stele text in Vietnam currently stored at the Institute of Han Nom Studies (abbreviated: VNCHN).

- Based on the stele inscriptions collected by the French School of the Far East in Hanoi (abbreviated: EFEO) and VNCHN, currently preserved in VNCHN; the thesis has listed 90 units of Tao Le stele symbols with 185 faces of the inscriptions, appearing in the 17th-19th centuries, distributed mainly in 12 provinces and cities from Nghe An to the North, with the density mainly concentrated in the provinces of the Northern Delta. Tao Le stele inscriptions were built mainly in the relics of pagodas, temples, shrines, palaces, communal houses, mausoleums, ancestral halls, etc.

- Through the study of Vietnamese Tao Le steles, the thesis has contributed to clarifying the method of state management for "key" relics in the Middle Ages, including the following contents: promulgation of documents, procedures, subjects granted Tao Le, the role of the bureaucracy in granting this. Next is the unity in the management and exploitation of relics, the responsibility of local authorities, and regulations on worship for Tao Le people. From here, the results of implementing the Tao Le policy are drawn.

- The thesis has pointed out the impacts of the Tao le granting regime on some aspects of Vietnamese society in the 17th and 19th centuries. These are economic benefits such as tax exemption, items related to people's lives, privileges such as land ownership regime, irrigation dykes, etc. These are reflections of cultural and social life, showing respect for relics, the connection between individuals and groups in each community, information about the history of relics, the deeds of meritorious people, the role of women in the issue of Tao le granting, etc. These are very meaningful documents in contributing to the study of the cultural and social life of the classes in Vietnamese wards and communes in the Middle Ages. The study of Tao le steles is of great scientific significance and practical value, especially the methods in preserving and promoting the value of historical and cultural relics in contemporary society.

12. Practical applicability: the thesis can be converted into a monograph for research purposes.

13. Further research directions: In-depth research on the content of stele inscriptions reflecting village life in the Middle Ages.

14. Published works related to the thesis:

1. Vu Thi Lan Anh (2014), “List of steles containing records of the Creation of Rules in VNCHN”, Han Nom Studies Notice, World Publishing House, pp.19-27.

2. Vu Thi Lan Anh (2015), “The stele of Do The Giai temple in Dong Ngac commune”,Han Nom Studies Notice, World Publishing House, pp. 19-26.

3. Vu Thi Lan Anh (2015), “The Creation Stele at the Si Nhiep Worship Sites in the Feudal State's Concern for Special Sites”, Scientific conference proceedingsLuy Lau Cultural Region and Tourism Development in Bac Ninh,Organized by the Bac Ninh Union of Science and Technology Associations (document circulated at the conference), pp. 32-37.

4. Vu Thi Lan Anh (2015), “The Tao Le Stele - Initial Research”,Han Nom Magazine(1), pp. 33-46.

5. Vu Thi Lan Anh (2017), “The role of female relatives of the Later Le Dynasty in granting Tao le from stele documents”,Han Nom Magazine(4), pp. 57-69.

6. Vu Thi Lan Anh (2017),“Some ancient documents currently only exist in Han Nom books related to the granting of the Temple of King Dinh and King Le.”. Proceedings of the 2017 National Scientific Conference with Review on Han Nom Studies, World Publishing House, pp. 669-680.

7. Vu Thi Lan Anh (2018), “Overview of ancient documents recording the granting of the Tao le at the Institute of Han Nom Studies”,Han Nom Magazine(2), pp. 54-69.

8. Vu Thi Lan Anh (2018), “Some identities only grant the right to worship the Three Great Kings of Tan Vien Mountain Country”,Proceedings of the national peer-reviewed scientific conference on Han Nom Studies 2018, World Publishing House, pp. 169-181.

INFORMATION ON DOCTORAL THESIS

1. Full name:Vu Thi Lan Anh2. Sex: Female

3. Date of birth: September 19, 1974 4. Place of birth: Tuyen Quang

5. Admission decision number: 3684/2015/QD-XHNV, December 31^th, 2015 of Rector of the University of Social Sciences and Humanities at VietNam National University (Ha Noi).

6. Changes in academic process: No

7. Official thesis title:OnresearchingZaoliinscriptionsin Vietnam

8. Major: Sino – Nom 9. Code: 62.22.01.04

10. Supervisors: Assoc. Prof. PhD. Trinh Khac Manh

11. Summary of the new results of the thesis

- The thesis has provided the concept of Zaoli and Zaoli inscriptions, studied comprehensively and deeply all the number of Zaoli inscription units of Vietname which are currently archived in the Institute of Sino-Nom Studies.

- Based on the inscriptions which are collected by the École française d'Extrême-Orient (EFEO) and the Institute of Sino-Nom Studies and currently archived in the Institute of Sino-Nom Studies, the thesis has listed 90 Zaoli inscription units with 185 sides which appears between 17^thcentury and 19^thcentury, mainly allocated in 12 provinces from Nghe An to the North, mainly concentrated in the provinces of the Northern Delta. Zaoli inscriptions were mainly created and built up in the monuments of pagodas, temples, shrines, sanctuaries, communal houses, tombs, and ancestral temples, etc.

- By studying Zaoli inscriptions of Vietnam, the thesis has contributed to show the state management method to key monuments in the medieval period including the contents such as document issuance, procedure, objects with Zaoli granted, role of the bourgeoisie to such subsidy. Following is the unity in relic management and exploitation, especially responsibilities of the local authority, charters of worship to Zaoli people. Then, to draw the results of Zaoli policy implementation.

- The thesis has indicated impacts of Zaoli subsidy system to social aspects of Vietnam between 17^thcentury and 19^thcentury which are economic benefits such as tax exemption for items relating to the people's livelihood, privileges such as land and field ownership and irrigation dike problems, etc. That is the reflection of gthe sociocultural life to express the honor for monuments, the cohesion of individuals and groups in each community, information on monument history, biographies of people with merit, roles of women to Zaoli subsidies, etc. They are meaningful documents to contribute to researches on the sociocultural life of the social segments in wards amd communes of medieval Vietnam. Studying Zaoli inscriptions has a scientific meaning and practical value, especially the methods in the preservation and restoration of cultural and historical monuments value in the contemporary society.

12. Practical applicability: the thesis will be converted to a reference book for researches.

13. Next research directions: deep research on inscription contents reflect medieval village activities.

14. Published works related to the thesis:

1. Vu Thi Lan Anh (2014), “List of inscriptions recording Zaoli in the Institute of Sino-Nom Studies”, Announcement on Han Nom studies, The Gioi Publisher, pp. 19- 27.

2. Vu Thi Lan Anh (2015), “Zaoli inscriptions of Do The Giai Temple in Dong Ngac Commune”,Announcement on Han Nom studies, The Gioi Publisher, pp. 19- 26.

3. Vu Thi Lan Anh (2015), “Zaoli inscriptions in Si Nhiep temple monuments in the interest of the feudal state for special monuments”, Summary record of scientific workshop on Luy Lau Cultural Region and travel development in Bac Ninh,held by Bac Ninh Union of Science and Technology Associations (for workshop reference only), pp. 32-37.

4. Vu Thi Lan Anh (2015), “Zaoli inscriptions – first researches”,Sino-NomStudies magazine, vol. 1 (128), pp. 33-46.

5. Vu Thi Lan Anh (2017), “Roles of family women in Revival Le dynasty with Zaoli subsidy from considerations inscription documents”,Sino-NomStudies magazine, vol. 4 (143), pp. 57-69.

6. Vu Thi Lan Anh (2017),“Some Co chi documents existing in Han Nom texts related to Zaoli standard of Dinh King and Le King temples”. Summary record of national scientific workshop with Han Nom studies argument 2017, The Gioi Publisher, pp. 669-680.

7. Vu Thi Lan Anh (2018), “Overview of Co chi source recording Zaoli subsidy in the Institute of Sino-Nom Studies”,Sino-NomStudies magazine, vol. 2 (147), pp. 54-69.

8. Vu Thi Lan Anh (2018), “Some royal ordinances of Zaoli subsidy in worship of Tan Vien Son Quoc Chua Tam Vi Dai Vuong”,Summary record of national scientific workshop with Han Nom studies argument 2018, The Gioi Publisher, pp. 169-181.