TTLA: The philosophical ideas of Karl Raimund Popper

Author's name: Bui Lan Huong

Thesis title:     The philosophical ideas of Karl Raimund Popper

Field of study of the dissertation: Philosophy

Specialization: Dialectical Materialism and Historical Materialism

Code: 62 22 03 02

Name of the postgraduate training unit: University of Social Sciences and Humanities - Vietnam National University, Hanoi.

1. Purpose and scope of the thesis

Research objectives:Based on a systematic analysis and clarification of the fundamental contents of Karl Raimund Popper's philosophical thought, this thesis offers an assessment of the values ​​and limitations of these ideas.

Research subjects:This dissertation focuses on the fundamental content, values, and limitations of Karl Raimund Popper's philosophical thought on science and socio-political philosophy.

2. Research methods used

This dissertation is based on the application of the methodology of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, the Marxist method of studying the history of philosophy, combined with methods such as analysis-synthesis, logical-historical, comparative, inductive-deductive, systematization, and textual analysis.

3The results are ripe.h and conclusion

3.1. Main results

This dissertation contributes to providing a comprehensive overview of domestic and international research related to the philosophical thought of Karl Raimund Popper, analyzes the conditions and prerequisites for the formation of Karl Raimund Popper's philosophical thought, presents the basic contents of Karl Raimund Popper's philosophy of science and socio-political philosophy, and on that basis offers some assessments of the values ​​and limitations of Karl Raimund Popper's philosophical thought.

In theoryThis dissertation contributes to the systematic study of the fundamental philosophical contents in the thought of K. Popper – an area that has not yet been studied in depth in Vietnam – in order to point out the values, limitations, and influence of K. Popper's philosophy on the history of philosophy after him.

In practical termsThe research findings of this thesis can be used as a reference for studying and teaching the history of modern Western philosophy, creating a foundation for understanding Western culture in general, and Austrian culture in particular, in the spirit of "separating the wheat from the chaff" in a way that is consistent with the international integration strategy of the Vietnamese Party and State.

3.2. Conclude

1. Through the selective assimilation of the ideas of his predecessors and the achievements of 20th-century natural sciences, combined with his own innate intellectual talent, Popper developed his own philosophical theory, strongly characterized by the name he gave it: "Critical Rationalism." It is not only a reflection of the profound changes in European society at that time, but also a priceless treasure trove of theories in philosophy, logic, linguistics, and more.

2. K. Popper's philosophy of science made significant contributions to promoting critical thinking in scientific research, adding an important criterion for distinguishing between scientific and non-scientific knowledge, and emphasizing the role of deductive and experimental methods in research. Popper also laid the foundation and suggested many new issues and approaches for later thinkers to continue their research. However, he also suffered from a series of metaphysical limitations by completely excluding the results of observation from scientific premises, completely denying the role of inductive methods, and failing to see the dialectical relationship between the relativity and absoluteness of scientific truth, leading to the denial of the absoluteness of truth.

3. Popper's socio-political philosophy primarily revolves around the issue of building an open society and criticizing the ideological foundations of a closed society – the ideological enemy of an open society. Popper's method of building a society in stages has certain value for countries when formulating short-term policies in specific socio-economic formations. His concept of citizen responsibility in a democratic society has practical significance for strengthening the exercise of direct democratic rights through social monitoring and criticism by citizens in Vietnam today. However, the avoidance of addressing class issues when discussing democracy, as well as the unfounded criticism of historical materialism, are fundamental limitations in Popper's socio-political philosophy.

DOCTORAL THESIS ABSTRACT

The author's name: Bui Lan Huong

Thesis title : Philosophical thought of Karl Raimund Popper

Scientific branch of the thesis : Philosophy

Major : Dialectical materialism and historical materialism

Code: 62 22 03 02

The name of postgraduate training institution: University of Social Sciences and Humanities - Hanoi National University.

1. The purpose and object of the thesis

Purpose of the study: Based on the analysis and systematic clarification of the basic contents of the philosophical thought of Karl Raimund Popper, the thesis gives an assessment of the values ​​and limitations of the content of his thought.

Subject of the study: The thesis focuses on the basic contents and values, limitations in philosophical thought about science and politics - social philosophy of Karl Raimund Popper

2. Used method in the thesis

The thesis is made on the basis of applying the methodology of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, Marxist method of studying philosophical history, combining methods such as analysis - synthesis logic - historical, comparative, inductive - deductive, systemization and document study methods.

3. Major results and conclusions

3.1. Major results

The thesis has contributed to a comprehensive picture of domestic and foreign research works related to the philosophical thought of K.Popper, analyzing the conditions and premises for the formation of philosophical thought by Karl Raimund Popper, presenting the basic contents in the philosophy of science and political - social philosophy of Karl Raimund Popper, from which gave some assessments about the values ​​and limitations of Karl Raimund Popper 's philosophical thought.

Theoretically, the thesis contributes to a systematic study of the basic philosophical contents in the thought of K.Popper - an area that has not been studied in depth in Vietnam - from which shows the values, limitations and influence of K.Popper philosophy on the history of philosophy after him.

In practical terms, the research results of the thesis can be used as a reference for the study and teaching of the history of modern Western philosophy, creating a premise to understand Western culture in general, Austrian culture in particular, based on the spirit of "chiseling out" (find out the best things) in a way consistent with the strategy of international integration of the Party and State of Vietnam.

3.2. Conclusion

1. Through the selective reception of the predecessors' thoughts and the achievements of natural science in the twentieth century as well as his own natural talent of self-thinking, Popper built up his own theory of philosophy which is characterized by the name he set himself "Critical rationalism". Not only is it the picture that reflects the profound changes of European society at that time, but also the treasure of invaluable reasoning on philosophy, logic, linguistics, etc.

2. Philosophy of science of K.Popper has made certain contributions to promoting criticalism in scientific research activities, adding an important criterion to differntiate between the scientific knowledge and non-scientific as well as emphasizing the role of deductive methods, experimental methods in research. Popper also laid the foundation and suggested many new issues and approaches for thinkers after him to continue studying. However, he also suffered from a series of metaphysical restrictions that completely removed the results of observations from scientific premises, simultaneously completely denied the role of inductive methods and did not see The dialectical relationship between the relativity and absoluteness of scientific truth, leading to the denial of the absoluteness of truth.

3. Popper's political-social philosophy mainly revolves around the issue of building an open society and criticizes the ideological foundations of closed society - the ideological enemy of open society. Popper's partial social building method has certain values ​​for countries when formulating short-term policies in certain socio-economic forms. His conception of the responsibility of citizens in democratic society has practical implications for enhancing the exercise of direct democratic rights through social monitoring and criticism of the Vietnamese today. However, avoiding mentioning the issue of class when discussing democracy as well as the unjustified criticism of historical materialism are fundamental limitations in the political-social philosophy of Popper.