TTLA: Developing research and development (R&D) activities in Vietnamese enterprises

INFORMATION ABOUT DOCTORAL THESIS

1. Full name of researcher:Hoang Van Tuyen

2. Gender: Male

3. Date of birth: 11-01-1973

4. Place of birth: Kien Xuong-Thai Binh

5. Decision on recognition of PhD students No. 2999/2013/QD-XHNV-SDH, dated December 30, 2013 of the President of the University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University, Hanoi.

6. Changes in training process: No

7. Thesis topic name:Developing research and development (R&D) activities in Vietnamese enterprises.

8. Major: Science and Technology Management Code: Pilot Training

9. Scientific instructor:Dr. Nguyen QuanandAssociate Professor, Dr. Mai Ha

10. Summary of new results of the thesis:

- Regarding the approach: The thesis uses the innovation system approach.

- In terms of theory: The thesis has built a "dynamic" innovation model (or "spiral" innovation model) to explain the role of R&D in business innovation activities; The thesis builds a framework for analyzing the system of factors (both inside and outside the business) affecting the R&D activities of the business.

- In terms of practice: The thesis gives the following results:

+ Vietnamese enterprises hardly develop R&D and innovation strategies, very few enterprises carry out R&D activities themselves or cooperate in R&D activities with R&D institutes and universities outside. The basic reason is that enterprises do not face much competitive pressure, have difficulty mobilizing external support resources, and state policies do not encourage enterprises to invest in R&D.

+ Although it is very difficult for Vietnamese enterprises to carry out R&D activities, enterprises need to combine both acquiring technology from external sources and developing internal technology (through R&D activities) to enhance the innovation capacity and competitiveness of enterprises.

+ There are 15 factors affecting R&D activities of Vietnamese enterprises, including 08 internal factors and 07 external factors.

+ Propose 06 policy solutions from the state, especially encouraging R&D of enterprises based on tax tools (tax-based incentive) on the basis of the environment (innovation policy) that facilitates R&D of enterprises. At the same time, the thesis also proposes 02 groups of solutions from the enterprise side (including a framework for building R&D strategies for Vietnamese enterprises).

11. Practical application:

- Based on these results, enterprises can identify their strengths and weaknesses related to their R&D activities. Enterprises can compare their R&D activities with the average level of activities of enterprises to know their position compared to the average of enterprises investigated and surveyed. Based on the thesis's recommendations, enterprises can develop R&D and technology strategies, corresponding roadmaps and future countermeasures.

- In terms of policy, this study serves as a useful reference for S&T and innovation policy makers. From here, policy makers can form appropriate policies to encourage and support enterprises to enhance their R&D capacity by choosing the most suitable R&D strategy and technology, thereby leading to increased innovation capacity as well as increased competitiveness of enterprises.

12. Further research directions:

- Tax incentive model for R&D and innovation activities of Vietnamese enterprises.

- Policy to encourage Vietnamese enterprises to form alliances, cooperate in R&D and innovation with R&D institutes and universities.

- Corporate R&D with the formation of innovation clusters and networks.

13. Published works related to the thesis:

1. Hoang Van Tuyen (2014), “Policy to promote research and development activities of enterprises in some typical countries”,Communist magazine (basic topics)(95), pp. 92-96.

2. Hoang Van Tuyen (2014), “Technology Acquisition Activities of Enterprises: Comparison between Internal Creation and External Acquisition”,Journal of Science and Technology Policy and ManagementVol. 3 (4), pp. 1-13.

3. Hoang Van Tuyen (2014), “Some issues on corporate income tax for science and technology activities in Vietnam today”,Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology (23), pp.30-32.

4. Hoang Van Tuyen (2014), “Financial needs for science and technology enterprise development: Combination of different channels”,Journal of Science and Technology Policy and ManagementVol. 3 (3), pp. 41-52.

5. Hoang Van Tuyen (2014), “The process of perfecting the network of Vietnamese science and technology agencies towards strengthening the linkage between Science and Industry: Historical imprints”,Journal of Science and Technology Policy and ManagementVol. 3 (2), pp. 1-13.

6. Hoang Van Tuyen (2014), “Administration and organization of scientific and technological activities in the Federal Republic of Germany”,European Research Journal(9), pp. 41-50.

7. Hoang Van Tuyen (2015), “Factors affecting the capacity of science and technology staff: a quantitative approach”,Ho Chi Minh City Journal of Social Sciences(3), pp. 94-104.

8. Hoang Van Tuyen (2015), “Policies to support the formation and development of science and technology enterprises of some European countries”,European Research Journal(3), pp. 57-67.

9. Hoang Van Tuyen (2015), “Experience in “restructuring” the network of public research and development agencies of some countries”,Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology(9), pp.49-53.

10. Hoang Van Tuyen (2015), “Administration and organization of scientific and technological activities in Japan”,Journal of Northeast Asian Studies(6), pp. 33-42.

11. Hoang Van Tuyen (2015), “Tax incentives for research and development activities of Vietnamese enterprises”,Journal of Science and Technology Policy and ManagementVol. 4 (4), pp. 21-33.

12. Hoang Van Tuyen (2015),Identifying the current science, technology and innovation system in Vietnam, in the book Dao Thanh Truong (editor),Science, Technology and Innovation System in the Trend of International Integration, World Publishing House, Hanoi, pp.259-278.

13. Hoang Van Tuyen (2015),Approach to analyzing national innovation systems of transition countries: the case of Vietnam, in the book Dao Thanh Truong (editor),Science, Technology and Innovation System in the Trend of International Integration, World Publishing House, Hanoi, pp.279-295.

14. Hoang Van Tuyen and Nguyen Thi Minh Nga (2015), “Policy on developing science and technology human resources for enterprises in Vietnam”,State Organization Journal(12), pp.44-48.

15. Mai Ha, Hoang Van Tuyen, Dao Thanh Truong (2015),Science and Technology Enterprises: from theory to practice,Science and Technology Publishing House, Hanoi.

16. Hoang Van Tuyen (2016), “The system of governance and implementation of science and technology activities in Finland”,European Research Journal(1), pp. 44-53.

17. Hoang Van Tuyen (2016), “Development of science and technology enterprises in China”,Journal of Northeast Asian Studies(2), pp. 14-23.

18. Hoang Van Tuyen and Nguyen Thi Minh Nga (2016), “Science-Industry linkage from the perspective of scientific and technological human resource mobility: foreign experience”,Journal of Human Resources and Social Sciences(1), pp.54-63.

19. Hoang Van Tuyen and Nguyen Thi Minh Nga (2016), “Some policies to promote research and development activities of enterprises,Journal of Science and Technology Policy and ManagementVol. 5 (1), pp. 16-25.

INFORMATION ON DOCTORAL THESIS

1. Full name: Hoang Van Tuyen2. Sex: Male

3. Date of birth: November 1, 1973 4.Place of birth: Kien Xuong-Thai Binh

5. Admission decision number: 2999/2013/QD-XHNV-SDH by Rector, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University, Hanoi.Dated: December 30^th, 2013

6. Changes in academic process: Non

7. Official thesis title: Developing the research and development (R&D) activities in Vietnamese firms

8. Major: Science and technology managementCode: “Pilot” training

9. Supervisors: Dr. Nguyen Quan, Assoc.Prof.Dr. Mai Ha

10. Summary of the findings of the thesis

- Research approach: The thesis uses the innovation system approach.

- In terms of theory: The thesis presents a “dynamic” innovation model (or “spiral” innovation model) in explaining the role of R&D in innovation activities of the firm; The thesis also forms the framework for analyzing the factors (both internal and external ones) affecting the R&D activities of the firm.

- In terms of practice: The thesis presents results as follows:

+ Most Vietnamese firms have not form the R&D and innovation strategy, very few firms have the in-house R&D activities as well as the cooperation in R&D activities with R&D institutes and universities. The fundamental reason is that Vietnamese firms do not suffer much competitive pressures, difficult to mobilize different resources for R&D activities, the government policy does not encourage firms to invest in R&D.

+ Although it is very difficult for Vietnamese firms in R&D activities, but the Vietnamese firms need to combine both external technology acquisition and internal technology sourcing (R&D activities) to strengthen the firm's innovation capabilities and competitiveness.

+ There are 15 factors (08 internal and 07 external factors) affecting the R&D activities of Vietnamese firms.

+ Six policy measure groups from the government side, especially tax-based incentive policy on the basis of the environment (innovation policy) promoting the R&D of the firm are proposed. Besides, two measure groups from the firm side are also proposed (in which the framework for forming the R&D strategy of Vietnamese firms is proposed).

11. Practical applicability, if any

- Based on the thesis's results, the Vietnamese firm can analyze the strengths and weaknesses related to the R&D activities of firm itself. The firm can compare the R&D activities of the firm itself with the average level of the Vietnamese firms generally, positioning the firm's R&D compared with the average level of the firms surveyed. Also based on the thesis's results, the firm can form the suitable R&D and technology strategy, roadmap and solution in the future.

- In terms of policy, the thesis gives the useful policy references for the science and technology and innovation (STI) policy-makers. From this they can make the appropriate policies to encourage and support the Vietnamese firms in strengthening the R&D capabilities with the selection of the most appropriate R&D and technology strategy, thereby leading to strengthen the innovation capabilities as well as competitiveness of the firm.

12. Further research directions

- The patterns of tax based incentives for the R&D and innovation activities of Vietnamese firms.

- Policies to encourage Vietnamese firms forming the R&D and innovation linkage and cooperation with R&D institutes and universities.

- Firm's R&D and the formation of innovation cluster/ network.

13. Thesis-related publications

1. Hoang Van Tuyen (2014), “Policies for enhancing the research an development activities of the firm in some selected countries”,Communist Journal(95), pp. 92-96.

2. Hoang Van Tuyen (2014), “Technology acquisition activities of the firm: a comparative analysis between internal and external sourcing”,Journal of Science and Technology Policy and ManagementVol.3 (4), pp. 1-13.

3. Hoang Van Tuyen (2014), “Some issues of corporate income tax for scientific and technological activities in Vietnam”,Vietnam Science and Technology Review (23), pp.30-32.

4. Hoang Van Tuyen (2014), “Financial needs for the development of science and technology based firms: the combination of different channels”,Journal of Science and Technology Policy and ManagementVol.3 (3), pp. 41-52.

5. Hoang Van Tuyen (2014), “The restructuring process of the S&T organization network in Vietnam towards strengthening the Science - Industry linkages: The historical marks”,Journal of Science and Technology Policy and ManagementVol.3 (2), pp.1-13.

6. Hoang Van Tuyen (2014), “Governance and organization for conducting the scientific and technological activities in Germany”,European Studies(9), pp. 41-50.

7. Hoang Van Tuyen (2015), “Factors affecting the abilities of scientific and technological personnel: a quantitative approach”,Review of Social Sciences Ho Chi Minh City(3), pp. 94-104.

8. Hoang Van Tuyen (2015), “Supporting policies for forming and developing the science and technology based firms in some European countries”,European Studies(3), pp. 57-67.

9. Hoang Van Tuyen (2015), “Experiences on 'restructuring' the public research and development organization network of some selected countries”,Vietnam Science and Technology Review(9), pp.49-53.

10. Hoang Van Tuyen (2015), “Governance and organization for conducting the scientific and technological activities in Japan”,Vietnam Review of Northeast Asian Studies(6), pp. 33-42.

11. Hoang Van Tuyen (2015), “Tax incentives for the research and development activities of Vietnamese firms”,Journal of Science and Technology Policy and ManagementVol.4 (4), pp. 21-33.

12. Hoang Van Tuyen (2015),Science, Technology and Innovation system in Vietnam, In Dao Thanh Truong (ed.),Science, Technology and Innovation system in the international integration trend, World Publishing House, Hanoi, pp.259-278.

13. Hoang Van Tuyen (2015),An approach in the national innovation system analysis of the transition country: Vietnam case, In Dao Thanh Truong (ed.),Science, Technology and Innovation system in the international integration trend, World Publishing House, Hanoi, pp.279-295.

14. Hoang Van Tuyen and Nguyen Thi Minh Nga (2015), “Policies for developing the science and technology human resources of the firm in Vietnam”,State Organization Journal(12), pp.44-48.

15. Mai Ha, Hoang Van Tuyen and Dao Thanh Truong (eds.) (2015),Science and Technology based firm: from theory to practice,Science and Technics Publishing House, Hanoi.

16. Hoang Van Tuyen (2016), “Governance and organization for conducting the scientific and technological activities in Finland”,European Studies(1), pp. 44-53.

17. Hoang Van Tuyen (2016), “The development of science and technology based firms in China”,Vietnam Review of Northeast Asian Studies(2), pp. 14-23.

18. Hoang Van Tuyen and Nguyen Thi Minh Nga (2016), “Science – Industry linkage under the view of science and technology human resource mobility: foreign experiences”,Vietnam Journal of Social Science Manpower(1), pp.54-63.

19. Hoang Van Tuyen and Nguyen Thi Minh Nga (2016), “Some policies for promoting the R&D activities of Vietnamese firms,Journal of Science and Technology Policy and ManagementVol.5 (1), pp. 16-25.