TTLA: Developing research and development (R&D) activities in Vietnamese enterprises

INFORMATION ABOUT DOCTORAL THESIS

1. Full name of researcher:Hoang Van Tuyen

2. Gender: Male

3. Date of birth: November 1, 1973

4. Place of birth: Kien Xuong - Thai Binh

5. Decision No. 2999/2013/QD-XHNV-SDH, dated December 30, 2013, of the Rector of the University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, recognizing the doctoral student.

6. Changes in the training process: None

7. Thesis title:Developing research and development (R&D) activities in Vietnamese businesses.

8. Major: Science and Technology Management Code: Pilot Training Program

9. Scientific instructor:Dr. Nguyen QuanandAssociate Professor, Dr. Mai Ha

10. Summary of new results of the thesis:

- Regarding the approach: The thesis uses an innovation systems approach.

- From a theoretical perspective: The thesis has developed a "dynamic" innovation model (or "spiral" innovation model) to explain the role of R&D in enterprise innovation; the thesis has built a framework for analyzing the system of factors (both internal and external to the enterprise) that influence the R&D activities of enterprises.

- From a practical perspective: The thesis presents the following results.

Vietnamese businesses generally do not develop R&D and innovation strategies; very few businesses conduct their own R&D activities or collaborate with external R&D institutes and universities. The fundamental reasons are that businesses have not faced much competitive pressure, they struggle to mobilize external support resources, and government policies do not encourage businesses to invest in R&D.

+ Although conducting R&D activities is very difficult for Vietnamese businesses, they need to combine both acquiring technology from external sources and developing internal technology (through R&D activities) to enhance their innovation capacity and competitiveness.

There are 15 factors affecting the R&D activities of Vietnamese businesses, including 8 internal factors and 7 external factors.

+ Propose 6 key policy solutions from the government, especially encouraging R&D by businesses based on tax tools.tax-based incentive) based on an environment (innovation policy) that facilitates R&D for businesses. At the same time, the thesis also proposes two groups of solutions from the business side (including a framework for building R&D strategies for Vietnamese businesses).

11. Practical applications:

- Based on these results, businesses can identify their strengths and weaknesses related to their R&D activities. They can compare their R&D performance with the average level of other businesses to understand their position relative to the average of the surveyed companies. Based on the thesis's recommendations, businesses can develop their R&D and technology strategies, corresponding roadmaps, and future countermeasures.

- From a policy perspective, this study serves as a useful reference for policymakers in science, technology, and innovation. From this, policymakers can formulate appropriate policies to encourage and support businesses in strengthening their R&D capabilities by selecting the most suitable R&D strategies and technologies, thereby increasing innovation capacity and enhancing business competitiveness.

12. Future research directions:

- A tax incentive model for R&D and innovation activities of Vietnamese businesses.

- Policies encourage Vietnamese businesses to form alliances and cooperate in R&D and innovation with R&D institutes and universities.

- Enterprise R&D through the formation of innovation clusters and networks.

13. Published works related to the thesis:

1. Hoang Van Tuyen (2014), “Policies to promote research and development activities of enterprises in some typical countries”,Communist Magazine (Special Issue on Grassroots Issues)(95), pp. 92-96.

2. Hoang Van Tuyen (2014), “Enterprise technology acquisition activities: Comparison between internal creation and external acquisition”,Journal of Science and Technology Policy and ManagementT.3 (4), pp. 1-13.

3. Hoang Van Tuyen (2014), “Some issues regarding corporate income tax on science and technology activities in Vietnam today”,Vietnam Science and Technology Journal (23), pp. 30-32.

4. Hoang Van Tuyen (2014), “Financial needs for the development of science and technology enterprises: The combination of various channels”,Journal of Science and Technology Policy and ManagementT.3 (3), pp. 41-52.

5. Hoang Van Tuyen (2014), “The process of perfecting the network of Vietnamese science and technology agencies towards strengthening science-industry linkages: Historical milestones”,Journal of Science and Technology Policy and ManagementT.3 (2), pp. 1-13.

6. Hoang Van Tuyen (2014), “Management and organization of scientific and technological activities in the Federal Republic of Germany”,European Studies Journal(9), pp. 41-50.

7. Hoang Van Tuyen (2015), “Factors affecting the capacity of science and technology staff: a quantitative approach”,Ho Chi Minh City Journal of Social Sciences(3), pp. 94-104.

8. Hoang Van Tuyen (2015), “Policies to support the formation and development of science and technology enterprises in some European countries”,European Studies Journal(3), pp. 57-67.

9. Hoang Van Tuyen (2015), “Experiences in ‘restructuring’ the network of public research and development agencies in some countries”,Vietnam Science and Technology Magazine(9), pp.49-53.

10. Hoang Van Tuyen (2015), “Management and organization of scientific and technological activities in Japan”,Journal of Northeast Asian Studies(6), pp. 33-42.

11. Hoang Van Tuyen (2015), “Tax incentives for research and development activities of Vietnamese enterprises”,Journal of Science and Technology Policy and ManagementT.4 (4), pp. 21-33.

12. Hoang Van Tuyen (2015),Identifying the current system of science, technology, and innovation in Vietnam., in the book by Dao Thanh Truong (editor),The Science, Technology and Innovation system is in the trend of international integration., The World Publishing House, Hanoi, pp. 259-278.

13. Hoang Van Tuyen (2015),An analytical approach to the national innovation system of a transitional country: the case of Vietnam., in the book by Dao Thanh Truong (editor),The Science, Technology and Innovation system is in the trend of international integration., World Publishing House, Hanoi, pp. 279-295.

14. Hoang Van Tuyen and Nguyen Thi Minh Nga (2015), “Policies for developing scientific and technological human resources for enterprises in Vietnam”,Journal of State Organization(12), pp.44-48.

15. Mai Ha, Hoang Van Tuyen, Dao Thanh Truong (2015),Science and Technology Enterprises: From Theory to PracticeScience and Technology Publishing House, Hanoi.

16. Hoang Van Tuyen (2016), “System of management and implementation of science and technology activities in Finland”,European Studies Journal(1), pp. 44-53.

17. Hoang Van Tuyen (2016), “Development of science and technology enterprises in China”,Journal of Northeast Asian Studies(2), pp. 14-23.

18. Hoang Van Tuyen and Nguyen Thi Minh Nga (2016), “Science-Industry Linkage from the Perspective of Scientific and Technological Human Resource Mobility: Foreign Experiences”,Journal of Human Resources and Social Sciences(1), pp. 54-63.

19. Hoang Van Tuyen and Nguyen Thi Minh Nga (2016), “Some policies to promote research and development activities of enterprises,Journal of Science and Technology Policy and ManagementT.5 (1), pp. 16-25.

INFORMATION ON DOCTORAL THESIS

1. Full name: Hoang Van Tuyen2. Sex: Male

3. Date of birth: November 1, 1973 4.Place of birth: Kien Xuong - Thai Binh

5. Admission decision number: 2999/2013/QD-XHNV-SDH by Rector, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University, Hanoi.Dated: December 30^th, 2013

6. Changes in academic process: Non

7. Official thesis title: Developing the research and development (R&D) activities in Vietnamese firms

8. Major: Science and technology managementCode: “Pilot” training

9. Supervisors: Dr. Nguyen Quan, Assoc.Prof.Dr. Mai Ha

10. Summary of the findings of the thesis

- Research approach: The thesis uses the innovation system approach.

- In terms of theory: The thesis presents a “dynamic” innovation model (or “spiral” innovation model) in explaining the role of R&D in innovation activities of the firm; The thesis also forms the framework for analyzing the factors (both internal and external ones) affecting the R&D activities of the firm.

- In terms of practice: The thesis presents results as follows:

+ Most Vietnamese firms have not form the R&D and innovation strategy, very few firms have the in-house R&D activities as well as the cooperation in R&D activities with R&D institutes and universities. The fundamental reason is that Vietnamese firms do not suffer much competitive pressures, difficult to mobilize different resources for R&D activities, the government policy does not encourage firms to invest in R&D.

+ Although it is very difficult for Vietnamese firms in R&D activities, but the Vietnamese firms need to combine both external technology acquisition and internal technology sourcing (R&D activities) to strengthen the firm's innovation capabilities and competitiveness.

+ There are 15 factors (08 internal and 07 external factors) affecting the R&D activities of Vietnamese firms.

+ Six policy measure groups from the government side, especially tax-based incentive policy on the basis of the environment (innovation policy) promoting the R&D of the firm are proposed. Besides, two measure groups from the firm side are also proposed (in which the framework for forming the R&D strategy of Vietnamese firms is proposed).

11. Practical applicability, if any

- Based on the thesis's results, the Vietnamese firm can analyze the strengths and weaknesses related to the R&D activities of firm itself. The firm can compare the R&D activities of the firm itself with the average level of the Vietnamese firms generally, positioning the firm's R&D compared with the average level of the firms surveyed. Also based on the thesis's results, the firm can form the suitable R&D and technology strategy, roadmap and solution in the future.

- In terms of policy, the thesis gives the useful policy references for the science and technology and innovation (STI) policy-makers. From this they can make the appropriate policies to encourage and support the Vietnamese firms in strengthening the R&D capabilities with the selection of the most appropriate R&D and technology strategy, thereby leading to strengthen the innovation capabilities as well as competitiveness of the firm.

12. Further research directions

- The patterns of tax based incentives for the R&D and innovation activities of Vietnamese firms.

- Policies to encourage Vietnamese firms forming the R&D and innovation linkage and cooperation with R&D institutes and universities.

- Firm's R&D and the formation of innovation cluster/ network.

13. Thesis-related publications

1. Hoang Van Tuyen (2014), “Policies for enhancing the research an development activities of the firm in some selected countries”,Communist Journal(95), pp. 92-96.

2. Hoang Van Tuyen (2014), “Technology acquisition activities of the firm: a comparative analysis between internal and external sourcing”,Journal of Science and Technology Policy and ManagementVol.3 (4), pp. 1-13.

3. Hoang Van Tuyen (2014), “Some issues of corporate income tax for scientific and technological activities in Vietnam”,Vietnam Science and Technology Review (23), pp.30-32.

4. Hoang Van Tuyen (2014), “Financial needs for the development of science and technology based firms: the combination of different channels”,Journal of Science and Technology Policy and ManagementVol.3 (3), pp. 41-52.

5. Hoang Van Tuyen (2014), “The restructuring process of the S&T organization network in Vietnam towards strengthening the Science - Industry linkages: The historical marks”,Journal of Science and Technology Policy and ManagementVol.3 (2), pp.1-13.

6. Hoang Van Tuyen (2014), “Governance and organization for conducting the scientific and technological activities in Germany”,European Studies(9), pp. 41-50.

7. Hoang Van Tuyen (2015), “Factors affecting the abilities of scientific and technological personnel: a quantitative approach”,Review of Social Sciences Ho Chi Minh City(3), pp. 94-104.

8. Hoang Van Tuyen (2015), “Supporting policies for forming and developing the science and technology based firms in some European countries”,European Studies(3), pp. 57-67.

9. Hoang Van Tuyen (2015), “Experiences on 'restructuring' the public research and development organization network of some selected countries”,Vietnam Science and Technology Review(9), pp.49-53.

10. Hoang Van Tuyen (2015), “Governance and organization for conducting the scientific and technological activities in Japan”,Vietnam Review of Northeast Asian Studies(6), pp. 33-42.

11. Hoang Van Tuyen (2015), “Tax incentives for the research and development activities of Vietnamese firms”,Journal of Science and Technology Policy and ManagementVol.4 (4), pp. 21-33.

12. Hoang Van Tuyen (2015),Science, Technology and Innovation system in Vietnam, In Dao Thanh Truong (ed.),Science, Technology and Innovation system in the international integration trend, World Publishing House, Hanoi, pp.259-278.

13. Hoang Van Tuyen (2015),An approach in the national innovation system analysis of the transition country: Vietnam case, In Dao Thanh Truong (ed.),Science, Technology and Innovation system in the international integration trend, World Publishing House, Hanoi, pp.279-295.

14. Hoang Van Tuyen and Nguyen Thi Minh Nga (2015), “Policies for developing the science and technology human resources of the firm in Vietnam”,State Organization Journal(12), pp.44-48.

15. Mai Ha, Hoang Van Tuyen and Dao Thanh Truong (eds.) (2015),Science and Technology based firm: from theory to practice,Science and Technics Publishing House, Hanoi.

16. Hoang Van Tuyen (2016), “Governance and organization for conducting the scientific and technological activities in Finland”,European Studies(1), pp. 44-53.

17. Hoang Van Tuyen (2016), “The development of science and technology based firms in China”,Vietnam Review of Northeast Asian Studies(2), pp. 14-23.

18. Hoang Van Tuyen and Nguyen Thi Minh Nga (2016), “Science – Industry linkage under the view of science and technology human resource mobility: foreign experiences”,Vietnam Journal of Social Science Manpower(1), pp.54-63.

19. Hoang Van Tuyen and Nguyen Thi Minh Nga (2016), “Some policies for promoting the R&D activities of Vietnamese firms,Journal of Science and Technology Policy and ManagementVol.5 (1), pp. 16-25.