TYLA: Access and ownership of social housing in Hanoi today

Author name: Nguyen Thi Thanh Thuy

Thesis title:Access and ownership of social housing in Hanoi today.

Dissertation field:Sociology

Major: Sociology Code: 62 31 03 01

Name of Postgraduate training unit:University of Social Sciences and Humanities - Vietnam National University, Hanoi.

1. Purpose and research objects of the thesis

1.1 Research purpose:

Analyze the current status of access to information and the process of owning and using social housing of low-income residents and practical barriers to this process. On that basis, propose some policy recommendations and solutions to increase the accessibility of social housing in Hanoi today.

1.2 Research subjects:

Access and ownership of social housing in Hanoi today

2. Research methods used

The thesis used: Document analysis method; Opinion poll method; In-depth interview method and information processing method and reporting research results.

3. Main results and conclusions

3.1. Main results

- Overview of previous research works to obtain a relatively complete and valuable source of theoretical and practical reference information for research on access to and ownership of social housing in Hanoi.

- Present theoretical basis, research methods and overview of research area.

- Analyze the current status of access to social housing policy in Hanoi.

- Analysis of the current status of ownership and use of social housing in Hanoi.

- Recommend some solutions to increase accessibility and ownership of social housing in Hanoi today.

3.2. Conclusion

- Social housing policies, over time, have shown adjustments to expand and increase access and housing ownership opportunities for low-income people. Housing prices as well as social housing areas are suitable for the needs of low-income people in urban areas. Most social housing projects are implemented on schedule due to the control of state management agencies, ensuring housing for people within a suitable period of time.

- The financial support policy for social housing buyers is an advantage for this housing segment in the market. The loan amount to buy a house is not more than 80% of the value of the social housing, the minimum loan repayment period is 15 years. The interest rate, loan amount and loan term are decided by the lending credit institution depending on the payment ability of the home buyer. In addition, preferential policies for social housing investors are increasingly expanded, bringing more opportunities for home ownership for people with high incomes.

- The main difficulties that social housing buyers face are access to information, barriers to housing status confirmation, barriers to household registration, barriers to scoring criteria and barriers to accessing loans. The shortcomings in accessing social housing give some groups such as civil servants, public employees, people working in the police and military an advantage, while the poor, the near-poor, the near-poor and workers working in the informal sector have more difficulty accessing and owning social housing.

- The form of renting a house to own is more advantageous than the form of selling because it reduces the pressure of borrowing money for home buyers, especially banks, with the lowest interest rate of 5% and the highest of 11%. However, the number of apartments that home buyers can access through this form is still limited in quantity, not meeting the needs of social housing buyers.

- In the process of using social housing, people still encounter some shortcomings in accessing basic social services because most of the social housing areas are located quite far from the center, the system of facilities and social service infrastructure is not yet synchronized. Along with that, the quality of social housing is not as expected, maintenance and repair still occur or the density of housing distribution is still high on one floor, which is a minus point of social housing. However, due to the small apartment area with reasonable price, preferential loans with low interest rates, social housing is still the choice of many low-income people.

- High community cohesion and friendly social environment are prominent features of social housing areas. The similarities in circumstances, backgrounds and economic conditions have helped them bond together to create a healthy, friendly social environment and help each other in difficult times. This is also one of the factors that unites them, helping them want to live long-term in their housing area.

ABSTRACT OF DOCTORAL THESIS

The author's name: Nguyen Thi Thanh Thuy

Thesis title: Access to and ownership of social housing in Hanoi at present

Scientific branch of the thesis: Sociology

Major:Sociology Code: 62310301

The name of postgraduate training institution: University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University, Hanoi

1. Purpose and objectives:

1.1 Research objectives:

To analyze real situation of access to information and the process of ownership and use of social housing of low-income residents and barriers to the process. Based on the findings, recommendations on policies and solutions to increase accessibility to social housing in Hanoi at present.

1.2 Research object:

Accessibility to social housing schemes in Hanoi at present

2. Research methodology

The following methodologies are used: literature analysis, in-depth interviews and data processing and reporting.

3. Major results and conclusion

3.1. Major results

- Review of past studies for reference in theory and practice to help the study Access to and ownership of social housing in Hanoi at present.

- Present theories, methodologies and research sites

- Analyze the state of accessibility to social housing schemes in Hanoi at present.

- Analyze the state of ownership and use of social housing in Hanoi at present.

- Make recommendations on some solutions to further improve accessibility and ownership of social housing schemes in Hanoi.

3.2. Conclusion

- Social housing policies, through different periods of time, have been readjusted and expanded to increase opportunities for low-income earners to have access to and ownership of houses. The housing price and accommodation are rather suitable to the needs of low-income residents in urban areas. Most social housing schemes have been implemented on time with the monitoring and supervision of State management agencies, thus providing housing spaces for low-income earners on time.

- The preferential credit policy in support of social housing buyers is a priority helping buyers in this housing market segment. The loan for housing purchase is under 80% of the total value of an apartment with 15 years repayment in installments. The amount of loan, the interest rate and the duration are decided by the credit institutions based on repayment capacity of the social housing buyers. In addition, this preferential credit policy is now also expanding to social housing investors, thus providing more opportunities to low-income earners to own apartments.

- The key difficulties faced by social housing buyers include access to information, barriers to verification of housing status, residential registration, criteria and access to credit loans. Constraints in access to social housing make some groups of people including civil servants, State employees, police and military personnel have more advantages while poor and near poor people and informal workers face more difficulties in access to and ownership of social housing.

- The form of apartment rent is preferred to apartment purchase as it puts less credit pressure on the buyers, particularly with bank interest rates ranging from 5% to 11%. However, the number of apartments for lease is limited, not meeting the needs of residents.

- During using social housing, the users face some difficulties in having access located to basic social services, as most social housing apartment buildings are far from centers, their physical infrastructure and social service systems are not synchronous. Alongside with this, the quality of social housing is not as expected by the users who have to conduct frequent maintenance and repairs. This is one of the dangers of social housing schemes. However, due to small space of apartments with reasonable price and preferential credit loans, social housing remains a choice for many low-income earners.

- High community cohesion and friendly social environment are typical characteristics in social housing areas. The similarities in circumstances, original status and economic conditions help the residents be close to each other, creating a healthy, friendly and mutual support. environment This is one of the factors helping residents in the social housing areas to stay longer there.