TTLV: Ly Thuong Kiet and the land of Thanh Hoa

INFORMATION ABOUT THE MASTER'S THESIS

1. Student's full name: Pham Hoang Manh Ha 2. Gender: Male

3. Date of birth: January 6, 1982.

4. Place of birth: Thanh Hoa City, Thanh Hoa Province.

5. Decision No. 1883/QD/XHNV-KHSDH dated October 21, 2010, of the Rector of the University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, recognizing the student.

6. Changes in the training process: none

7. Thesis title: Ly Thuong Kiet and the Thanh Hoa region

8. Major: Vietnamese History; Code: 602254

9. Scientific supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nguyen Danh Phiệt, Vietnam Institute of History (already

(on leave).

10. Summary of the thesis results:

During the process of writing this thesis, the student has initially clarified the following points:

Newly discovered genealogical records from Thanh Hoa have provided more information about Thuong Kiet's wives and children: he had not just one wife, but two. The Ngo family genealogy states that Thuong Kiet married at the age of 16 (in 1036, two years before his mother's death), and at 16 he had a child, but unfortunately both mother and child died. Later, Thuong Kiet married another woman, one surnamed Ta, and the other surnamed Ly, named Ly Thi Duy My.

According to the Ngo family genealogy, Ngo Xuong Xi's grandfather and Ngo Ich Ha (Ngo Tuan's father) were from Trieu Son (Thanh Hoa). The southwestern part of Trieu Son district, encompassing Hop Ly and Hop Thanh communes, was where Ngo Xuong Xi and his sons Ngo Xuong Sac and Ngo Ich Ha developed their power, built Binh Kieu fortress, and became one of the Twelve Warlords of the 10th century. Many relics related to Ngo Xuong Xi and Binh Kieu fortress, the stronghold of the Ngo family warlords – sons of Ngo Quyen – remain in this area. Following the common understanding that "hometown" should follow one's father and grandfather, it can be confirmed that Ngo Tuan's ancestral home is the area of ​​present-day Thanh Hoa.

During his 19 years as governor of Thanh Hoa province, Grand Marshal Ly Thuong Kiet made significant contributions in many fields.

He possessed the fundamentals of governance, the art of pacifying the people, knew how to use authority to eliminate wicked individuals, and employed justice to resolve legal disputes. Internally, he was wise and tolerant; externally, he was kind, simple, humble, and diligent. He gave orders to the people with gentleness, so the administration in Thanh Hoa province was relatively peaceful.

Regarding agricultural production, Ly Thuong Kiet paid great attention to farming. With the philosophy: "The people prioritize well-being, the nation is founded on agriculture," and "agriculture is the foundation," under Ly Thuong Kiet's rule, Thanh Hoa did not suffer from major crop failures.

Ly Thuong Kiet also directed his subordinates to find sources of precious stones in Nhoi Mountain, promoting the development of stone carving in Thanh Hoa. The development of stone carving in Thanh Hoa not only met social needs but also created products of cultural and artistic value, contributing to the traditional art of the nation.

In the context of Buddhism being the state religion, and despite being a prince, Ly Thuong Kiet's heart remained devoted to Buddhism, so he directly supervised the renovation and construction of several temples and pagodas in Ai Chau. During Ly Thuong Kiet's reign, Buddhism flourished in Thanh Hoa, contributing to the prosperity of the national Buddhist culture.

In the folk culture, Grand Marshal Ly Thuong Kiet is considered a "saint," "born a general, died a god," protecting and blessing the people and the country. He has entered the pantheon of deities, admired and respected by the people of Thanh Hoa province.

Temples dedicated to Ly Thuong Kiet have been built in many places throughout Vietnam, concentrated in Thanh Hoa province; a notable example is the temple in Nguong Son near Linh Xung pagoda. Both the Ly and Nguyen dynasties bestowed royal decrees upon these temples. Among them, the Ly Thuong Kiet temple in Ha Ngoc commune (Ha Trung district) is classified as a "National Historical and Cultural Monument".

The festival at the Ly Thuong Kiet temple was regulated by the Ly and Nguyen dynasties with international (national) rituals. The contemporary festival attracts many visitors from far and wide, and is attended by the people with reverence.

11. Practical applicability: none

12. Future research directions: none

13. Published works related to the thesis:

Stone sculptures from the Ly Dynasty, as seen in the art of stone carving in Thanh Hoa.(co-authored), Conference PaperArt Theory & Interdisciplinary Research Relationships, Department of Traditional Fine Arts - Institute of Fine Arts - Vietnam University of Fine Arts, August 25, 2010.

Regarding the newly discovered Lý Thường Kiệt temple in Thanh Hóa., Presentation at the 2013 Archaeology Conference, Institute of Archaeology, Hanoi.

Ly Thuong Kiet and the development of stone carving in Thanh Hoa, Scientific Bulletin, National Museum of History, No. 2/2013 (No. 4/BTLSQG), pp. 76-83.

Ly Thuong Kiet and the development of Buddhism in Thanh Hoa, Scientific Bulletin, Thang Long - Hanoi Heritage Conservation Center, No. 2 (2013) pp. 86-92.

       INFORMATION ON MASTER'S THESIS

1. Full name: Pham Hoang Manh Ha

2. Sex: Male

3. Date of birth: January 6, 1982

4. Place of birth: Thanh Hoa city, Thanh Hoa province

5. Admission decision number: No 1883/QD/XHNV-KHSDH Dated: October 21, 2010, the principal of University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Hanoi National University.

6. Changes in academic process: No changes

(List the forms of change and corresponding times)

7. Official thesis title: Ly Thuong Kiet with Thanh Hoa lands

8. Major: Vietnam History

9. Code: 602254

10. Supervisors: associate professor- doctoral Nguyen Danh Phiet, VietNam Institute of history

(Full name, academic title and degree)

11. Summary of the findings of the thesis:

(Summarize them with stress on the new findings, if any)

While writing up the thesis, the student has initially clarified some of the content as below:

The newly discovered historical family tree sources in Thanh Hoa has provided more information about wife and children of LyThuong Kiet. He not only got one but two wives. The Ngo family tree claimed that Kiet got married at 16 (in 1036, 2 years before he lost his mother), after giving birth at 16, unfortunately both mother and the child died. Later, Thuong Kiet got another wife, Ms. Ta, the Ms. Li, named Ly Thi Duy My .

The Ngo family tree provided: his grandfather was Ngo Xuong Xi and Ngo Ich Ha (fater of Ngo Tuan), in Trieu Son (Thanh Hoa). The South-West land in Trieu Son includes: Hop Ly, Hop Thanh- where Ngo Xuong Xi and his children Ngo Xuong Sac, Ngo Ich Ha developed their power, built up Binh Kieu, then became one of 12 Mission military- 10^thcentury. There are many relics related to Ngo Xuong Xi and the Binh Kieu of Ngo military- son of Ngo Vuong (Ngo Quyen). According to common understanding: "mother land" should follow father's and grandfather's so it might be concluded that: the mother land of Ngo Tuan is Thanh Hoa.

During 19 years ruling Thanh Hoa, Captain Ly Thuong Kiet had made certain contributions in various fields.

He was the one who knew how to rule the nation, soothe the people, use the dignity to defeat the enemy, use the intelligence to solve all the bondage, to be wise, generous, human, simple, humble, hardworking. That leads to such a peaceful politics in Thanh Hoa.

For agricultural production, Ly Thuong Kiet really cares about agriculture. With the conception “the agriculture takes root”. Under the governance of Ly Thuong Kiet, Thanh Hoa did not lose seasonal revenue.

Ly Thuong Kiet urged the person who found gemstone in Nhoi mountains which laid the foundation for the development of workhand stone craft in Thanh Hoa. The development of stone craft in Thanh Hoa didn't only require the needs of society but also it created the products of the culture - arts value which contributed into national traditional art.

In the context that Buddhism was the national religion, Ly Thuong Kiet directed to maintain and build up some pagodas in Ai Chau. During the government of Ly Thuong Kiet, Buddhism in Thanh Hoa highly developed, contributed into the prosperity of the national Buddhism.

In the spirit of people in my country, Ly Thuong Kiet Thai captainis the "Holy" “When he lives, he is generals. When he dies, he is god”, who supports for residents and nation. He became shrines with the admiration and respect of residents in Thanh Hoa.

Ly Thuong Kiet Temple has been built in many places in our country, expecially in Thanh Hoa. The most typical one is bulit in Nguong Son, near Linh Pulse pagoda. Ly , Nguyen dynasty have decided to temple. In which, Ly Thuong Kiet temple in Ha Ngoc commune (Ha Trung district) has been classified the cultural - historical monument of national level.

The festival of Ly Thuong Kiet temple was specified by Ly, Nguyen dynasty. Now, the festival attracts many people of others local and respect.

12. Practical applicability, if any: No changes

13. Further research directions, if any: No changes

14. Thesis-related publications:

(List them in chronological order)

Ly Dynasty Stone sculpture by the engravers art in Thanh Hoa,The conference of Ly fine arts and the multidisciplinary research relationship, Vietnam University of fine arts, 2010.

      The relic of Ly Thuong Kiet temple has just known in Thanh Hoa, The conference at the archeology bulletin in 2013, Institute of Archeology, Hanoi.

      Ly Thuong Kiet and the stone chisels which were developed in Thanh Hoa,bulletin of sciences, Vietnam national museum of history, No 2/2013, paged 76 – 83.

     Ly Thuong Kiet with the pagoda development in Thanh Hoa, the Bulletin of sciences, No 2/ 2013, paged 86 – 92.