Thesis information "Architectural materials of Dinh - Tien Le dynasties in the central area of Hoa Lu ancient capital relic" by HVCH Nguyen Cao Tan, majoring in Archaeology.1. Full name of student: Nguyen Cao Tan 2. Gender: Male 3. Date of birth: February 2, 1975 4. Place of birth: Truong Yen Commune, Hoa Lu District, Ninh Binh Province 5. Decision to recognize student No.: 1355/2008/QD-XHNV-KH&SDH dated: October 24, 2008 by the President of the University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University, Hanoi 6. Changes during the training process: None 7. Thesis topic: Architectural materials of Dinh - Tien Le period in the central area of Hoa Lu Ancient Capital 8. Major: Archaeology; Code: 60 22 60 9. Scientific advisor: Dr. Vu Quoc Hien, Deputy Director of the National Museum of History 10. Summary of the results of the thesis: The thesis systematizes the types of architectural materials involved in the construction of the architecture in the capital Hoa Lu in the 10th century, including bricks, tiles, terracotta, stone and wood. Bricks are the most numerous type of artifacts, participating in many architectural locations from the foundation of the citadel, the citadel wall, the architectural surrounding wall, the floor or the architectural courtyard. In terms of type, the most popular are rectangular bricks for building walls with the words "Dai Viet Quoc Quan Thanh Chuyen" or without words and square floor tiles decorated with lotus flowers and phoenixes. There are two types of tiles, tube tiles and flat tiles, in which the tube tile group has the function of covering the roof edge with beautiful and delicate lotus petal motifs. The common appearance of brick and tile materials along with some terracotta, wooden and stone objects in architectural relics discovered through excavations and archaeological investigations shows that Hoa Lu in the past had large-scale and imposing architectural works. Research on architectural materials in Hoa Lu recorded that the construction techniques in Hoa Lu in the 10th century had certain differences compared to the previous period. In addition to absorbing new architectural techniques from China, the Vietnamese people transformed them into their own techniques, so that the architectural styles and architectural decorations, although having the same general methods as neighboring countries such as China, Korea, and Japan, still highlighted the cultural and artistic imprints of the Vietnamese people and Vietnamese culture. In short, research on architectural materials of the ancient capital of Hoa Lu in the 10th century can see the rise of the Vietnamese people to master the techniques of producing architectural materials and grasp the art of architecture. It is a process of both maintaining and developing traditional architecture, absorbing new technical quintessence and merging it into traditional Vietnamese architecture, thereby creating a unique architectural style of Vietnam in the 10th century. Once again affirming the age of the Hoa Lu capital in the 10th century, affirming the independence and autonomy of Vietnam, affirming the foundation for Dai Viet civilization in the Ly-Tran period. 11. Possibility of practical application: Reconstructing the Hoa Lu capital in the 10th century in the future 12. Further research directions: Material premise for the construction of the Hoa Lu capital. 13. Published works related to the thesis: (list works in chronological order if available) Nguyen Cao Tan (2011), Buddhism in the Dinh - Tien Le period in Ninh Binh, Buddhism in the Dinh - Tien Le period in the process of building and defending the country, p. 250. Ryan Rabett, Christopher Stimpson, Nguyen Van Son, Nguyen Cao Tan, Do Van Cuong, Ngo Thi Huy, Nguyen Van Thai and Do Thi Tuyen (2009), Archaeological survey in the Trang An eco-resort, Ninh Binh, north Vietnam: A brief report. Archaeological heritage of Maylayxia journal, Vol. 2/April 2009, Chapter 8, pp. 117-127. Nguyen Van Lu, Hoang Thanh Quy, Nguyen Cao Tan (2001), Two strange objects on the Hoang Long river (Ninh Binh). NPHMVKCH 2001, Social Sciences Publishing House, page 726. Nguyen Cao Tan, Hoang Thanh Quy (2010), Discovering architectural vestiges of the Tran Dynasty at Hanh Cung Pagoda (Ninh Binh). NPHMVKCH, Social Sciences Publishing House, pages 320-321.
INFORMATION ON MASTER'S THESIS
1. Full name: Nguyen Cao Tan 2. Sex: Male 3. Date of birth: February 2, 1975 4. Place of birth: Truong Yen Commune, Hoa Lu district, Ninh Binh province 5. Admission decision number: 1355/2008/QD-XHNV-KH&SĐ dated: October 24, 2008. 6. Changes in academic process: None 7. Official thesis title: Building Material of Dinh and Early Le Dynasty in the center of Hoa Lu Ancient Capital relic. 8. Major: Archeology Code: 60 22 60 9. Supervisor: Dr. Vu Quoc Hien, Deputy Director of National Museum of History. 11. Summary of the findings of the thesis: The Thesis sytemizes the types of building material being used for construction in Hoa Lu Ancient Citedal in the 10th Century consisting of brick, tile, terra cotta, stone and wood. Brick is the artifacts with the largest quantity, being used for many places of architecture from the bottom of the cited wall, walls, the surrounding wall of building, floor or tiling of building. The most popular type is the square brick used for constructing wall which contains the old character “Special used for Great Viet's Millitary Citedal” or without character and the floor tile decorated with lotus flowers, phoenix There are two types of roof tile including Tube-tile and flat tile. The tube tile was used for covering the roof with the beautiful and subtle decoration of lotus petal. The popular presence of material type of brick, tile together with several terra cotta, wood and stone in the architectural relics which have been found in the excavations, investigation shows that the old Hoa Lu used to have large scale architectural buildings. The research of building material in Hoa Lu discovers that technique of construction in Hoa Lu in the 10th century has a certain difference in comparision with the previous period. The Viet people, besides learning the new building techniques from China, then turnt them into their own techniques. Therefore, the architectural styles and decorations though have similar methods as its neighboring contries such as China, Korea, Japan, but those styles have a deep imprint of Vietnames culture and fine art or Viet culture. In brief, the research of building material of Hoa Lu Ancient capital in the 10th century can show that the rise of being the master of production technique of building material and development of Vietnamese architectural art. That is both a process of maintaining and developing old traditional achitecture, and acquiring the new technique quitessance and dissolving it in the old Vietnamese traditional architecture. As the result, a typical architectural style of Vietnam in the 10th century had been created. The age of Hoa Lu Ancient capital in the 10th century has been again confirmed for its independence, self control of Vietnamese people and foundation for Great Viet's Civilization under the Li – Tran Dynasties. 12. Practical applicability, if any: Restoring the Hoa Lu Ancient Citadel in the 10th century in the future. 13. Further research directions, if any: Phisical Premise of development of Hoa Lu Citadel. 14. Thesis-related publications: Nguyen Cao Tan (2011), Buddhism under Dinh and Early Dynasties in Ninh Binh, Buddhism under Dinh and Early Le Dynasties in the construction and protection of the country, page 250. Ryan Rabett, Christopher Stimpson, Nguyen Van Son, Nguyen Cao Tan, Do Van Cuong, Ngo Thi Huy, Nguyen Van Thai and Do Thi Tuyen (2009), Archaeological survey in the Trang An eco-resort, Ninh Binh, north Vietnam: A brief report. Archaeological heritage of Maylayxia journal, Vol. 2/April 2009, Chapter 8, pp. 117-127. Nguyen Van Lu, Hoang Thanh Quy, Nguyen Cao Tan (2001), two strange artifacts by Hoang Long river (Ninh Binh). NPHMVKCH year 2001, Social Sciences Publishing House, p. 726. Nguyen Cao Tan, Hoang Thanh Quy (2010), Finding of evidence of Tran Dynasty's Architecture in Hanh Cung pagoda (Ninh Binh). NPHMVKCH, Social Sciences Publishing House, pp. 320-321.
