TTLV: From Village to City: Urbanization and Lifestyle Transition in a Suburban Village of Hanoi

1. Full name of student: Bui Thi Kim Phuong 2. Gender: Female 3. Date of birth: September 19, 1983 4. Place of birth: Ninh Binh 5. Decision to recognize student No. 2463/2006/QD-XHNV-KH&SĐH dated November 3, 2006 of the President of the University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University, Hanoi 6. Changes in the training process: Extension of the thesis period by 1 year according to Decision No. 807/QD-KH&SĐH, dated November 18, 2009 of the President of the University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University, Hanoi 7. Thesis topic: From village to city: Urbanization and the process of lifestyle transformation in a suburban village of Hanoi 8. Major: Ethnology 9. Code 60.22.70 10. Faculty supervisor Study: Associate Professor, Dr. Nguyen Van Chinh 11. Summary of the results of the thesis: The issue of urbanization and urban lifestyle has been deeply studied by scientists. However, these works are mainly researched to serve the strategies and trends of urbanization in the future at the macro level. Particularly, the impact of urbanization on the cultural and spatial perspective and the lifestyle of people in a suburban urban area has not been focused on research. The process from village to city is a process that is both forced and spontaneous. The process of transition from village to city has not been studied much, especially in-depth research at the grassroots level such as a ward, a village to have a close-up view of the change in lifestyle and socio-economic structure has not been paid much attention. On the basis of inheriting the achievements of previous works, we study the transformation of the lifestyle of a suburban village that has been transformed into a ward in the context of urbanization in Hanoi with the desire to provide an ethnographic description of the cultural and spatial perspective, lifestyle and behavior of people in their daily lives under the impact of urbanization. With an ethnographic description of the social space of a new ward joining the inner city, we hope to provide a broader perspective on the urban life of Hanoi today. 1. Overall, Nhan Chinh ward represents a community in the process of strong urbanization. There, the imprints of the transition process, of social stratification are imprinted in the changes in architectural space, in housing structure and religious beliefs of the residents here. The architectural landscape system of traditional spaces such as banyan trees, wells, communal houses, pagodas, and three-room, two-wing houses that have not been destroyed is also a unique feature compared to the inner-city villages of the previous period. In addition, the spiritual life of residents living in a space with limited land and housing, in an urban environment with many fluctuations and risks, the urban class seems to pay more attention to religious forms under the roof. These behaviors are like psychological reactions to the events and uncertainties of urban life. 2. Nhan Chinh Ward has many characteristics of Vietnamese urban areas in the process of transformation with the increasingly crowded and bustling appearance of informal economic activities and strong mechanical population growth. The people who moved here brought with them a different lifestyle and behavior from the local community. Although it did not greatly affect the neighborly relationship between the old and new groups, it seems that these two groups have a large gap in communication and social relations, unlike the traditional village community relationship before urbanization. It can be seen that the diversity of population composition and the difference in lifestyle of the current residents of Nhan Chinh ward is a mixture of urban and rural lifestyles. Under the pressure of urbanization, we see the breakdown of traditional family relationships; conversely, we also see the ties of the clan being strengthened and tightened through clan activities and worship architectures. 3. Since the late 1980s, Nhan Chinh has had the impact of urbanization and has directly affected the job transition of the people. Especially for households that were originally farmers and no longer had land for production. When affected by socio-economic development policies such as the construction of urban areas, other public works, etc., the result is that a series of farmers have to change their jobs. In that trend, these households have started to enter the business path such as providing services, building rental housing areas, or trading in order to change their livelihoods and gradually adapt to urban life. This trend of changing livelihoods is also motivated by the rapidly increasing needs of the wave of people pouring into newly formed wards, including a large part of the labor force from other provinces and students renting accommodation. 4. The change of culture and lifestyle, although taking place in many aspects, has not yet had a qualitative change. The trend of convergence of families of children and grandchildren around the family of grandparents and parents is a characteristic of long-standing residential communities in Nhan Chinh. In the market economy, clans do not seem to disintegrate, but on the contrary, they try to maintain and strengthen their ties, and thus clan activities tend to rise strongly. However, within families and clans, many conflicts and cracks also arise due to economic reasons and land disputes. The temple and communal house institutions associated with the people's sacrificial activities have been, are and will continue to be the center of the spiritual and cultural life of the Nhan Chinh community. We can see the almost complete participation of all members of the community, especially the new residents, in the sacrificial activities at the temple and communal house, especially during the village festival. The belief in the sacredness of the village's Saints has the power to "assimilate" the newcomers. They participate with a deep spirit of volunteerism and a clear sense of their responsibility to "village affairs". The trend of donating money and valuable objects to temples and pagodas is increasing, which is understandable when people's living standards are improving and the economic structure is shifting from agriculture to non-agriculture. Donating money is also an important expression affirming people's belief in the Saints, Buddha, and traditional values ​​that have existed for thousands of years. In addition, the wish to pray for blessings and fortune is also quite common and it seems to be an indicator of the "pragmatism" trend in religious beliefs, considering Saints and Buddha as a spiritual support that bestows wealth on people so that they can cope with a changing world of life with many risks and challenges. INFORMATION ON MASTER'S THESIS 1. Full name : Bui Thi Kim Phuong 2. Sex: Female 3. Date of birth: September 19, 1983 4. Place of birth: Ninh Binh 5. Admission decision number: 2463/2006/QD-XHNV-KH&SĐH Dated: 3rd November 2006 Rector of the University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Hanoi National University 6. Changes in academic process: Extension of time thesis work a year by decision of 807/QD-KH&Graduate, on November 18, 2009 Rector of the University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Hanoi National University 7. Official thesis title: From Village to City: Urbanization and lifestyle transitions in a suburban village in Hanoi 8. Major: Ethnology 9. Code: 60 22 70 10. Supervisors: Dr. Nguyen Van Chinh Hanoi College of Social Sciences and Humanities (Vietnam National University) 11. Summary of the findings of the thesis: Problems of urbanization and urban lifestyle were deeply scientific research. However, these works mainly to serve the research strategies, trends of urbanization in the future at the macro. Particularly on the impacts of urbanization to the cultural perspective of space and lifestyle of people of a metropolitan area suburban areas are not focused research. The process from villages to cities is a process that has just has just had its coercive spontaneous. Transition from village to city has not been studied much, especially at long research establishments as a ward or village to have a close look at the change of lifestyle and economic structure - social not much interested. On the basis of inheriting the fruits of the work ahead, we are going to study a change of lifestyle suburban village has turned into wards in the context of urbanization in Hanoi with the desire to bring a tissue ethnographic description of the cultural perspective of space, lifestyle and behavior of people in their daily lives under the effects of urbanization. For an ethnographic description of social space of a new ward to join the inner city, we want to take a broader perspective on urban life in Hanoi. Overall, Nhan Chinh ward represents a community in the process of urbanization strongly. In measuring the markers of transition, of social stratification in the change in oil about architectural space, in the structure of houses and religious beliefs of the residents here. Ward has many unique Nhan Chinh urban Vietnam is in transition with the appearance of increasingly large and vigorous activities of non-official economic and population growth mechanically strong. Department's move to bring this lifestyle and behavior different indigenous communities, although not greatly affect the relations between the two neighboring villages groups of old and new but it seems the two groups This settlement is a big gap in communication and social relationships, unlike the relationship of traditional village community before urbanization. Besides, the spiritual life of the inhabitants lives in a limited space of land, housing, urban environment in a more volatile and risky, urban population walks seems more emphasis to the religion forms the roof. What this behavior as a reaction brought before the psychological events, uncertainties of urban life. May find the variety of components of population and lifestyle differences in Nhan Chinh ward of residents now are a mix of urban living and rural lifestyle. Under the pressure of urbanization, we see the reefs of broker relationships in the family tradition, but the reverse is also seen as clan cohesion is strengthened and tightened through their activities and worship structures. System landscape architectural space as a traditional tree, wells, house roof, temples, houses three time two bottles is not broken is a unique inner city compared with the period before the village . The transformation of culture and lifestyle, and although much is happening on the surface but there is no change in substance. The trend of convergence of the family children, grandchildren and grandparents around the family, parents are featured in a resident community in Nhan Chinh long. In conditions of market economy, the family does not seem that the reverse split, as trying to maintain and strengthen the cohesion of their rope, and therefore family life tends to rise strongly. However, in the family, many family conflicts also arise, due to cracking and economic causes of land disputes.