TTLV: From Village to City: Urbanization and the Transformation of Lifestyles in a Village on the outskirts of Hanoi

1. Student's Full Name: Bui Thi Kim Phuong 2. Gender: Female 3. Date of Birth: September 19, 1983 4. Place of Birth: Ninh Binh 5. Decision No. 2463/2006/QD-XHNV-KH&SDH dated November 3, 2006, of the Rector of the University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, recognizing the student. 6. Changes during the training process: Extension of thesis time by 1 year according to Decision No. 807/QD-KH&SDH, dated November 18, 2009, of the Rector of the University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University, Hanoi. 7. Thesis Title: From Village to City: Urbanization and the Transformation of Lifestyles in a Suburban Village of Hanoi. 8. Specialization: Ethnology 9. Code: 60.22.70 10. Scientific Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nguyen Van Chinh 11. Summary of thesis results: The issue of urbanization and urban lifestyle has been extensively studied by the scientific community. However, these studies mainly focus on serving future urbanization strategies and trends at the macro level. The impact of urbanization on the spatial culture and lifestyle of people in suburban urban areas has not been given sufficient attention. The transition from village to city is both forced and spontaneous. The transition from village to city has not been extensively studied, especially at the grassroots level, such as a ward or a village, to gain a close-up view of the changes in lifestyle and socio-economic structure. Building upon the achievements of previous studies, we investigate the transformation of lifestyles in a suburban village that has become a ward within the context of urbanization in Hanoi. Our aim is to provide an ethnographic description of the spatial culture, lifestyle, and behavior of the people in their daily lives under the impact of urbanization. Through an ethnographic description of the socio-spatial aspects of a newly incorporated ward, we hope to offer a broader perspective on contemporary urban life in Hanoi. 1. Overall, Nhan Chinh ward is representative of a community undergoing rapid urbanization. The imprints of this transformation and social stratification are evident in the changes in architectural space, housing structure, and the religious beliefs of its residents. The architectural landscape system, featuring traditional spaces such as banyan trees, wells, communal houses, temples, and traditional three-bay, two-wing houses, remains a unique feature compared to inner-city villages of the past. Furthermore, the spiritual life of residents living in a limited space of land and housing, in an urban environment with many changes and risks, shows that the urban class seems to place more emphasis on religious practices under their roofs. These behaviors are a psychological reaction to the uncertainties and events of urban life. 2. Nhan Chinh Ward possesses many characteristics typical of a Vietnamese city undergoing transformation, with the increasing and vibrant presence of informal economic activities and a strong increase in the migrant population. The migrants brought with them lifestyles and behaviors different from the indigenous community. While this didn't significantly affect neighborly relations between the old and new groups, it seems there's a considerable distance between them in communication and social interaction, unlike the traditional pre-urbanized village community relationships. The diversity of the population and the differences in lifestyles among the residents of Nhan Chinh ward today is a blend of urban and rural lifestyles. Under the pressure of urbanization, we see the breakdown of traditional family relationships; conversely, we also see the strengthening and tightening of kinship ties through family activities and ancestral temples. 3. Since the late 1980s, Nhan Chinh has experienced the impact of urbanization, directly affecting the employment of its residents. This is especially true for households originally engaged in agriculture who no longer have land for production. When impacted by socio-economic development policies such as the construction of urban areas and other public works, etc., a large number of farmers have had to change professions. In this trend, these households have begun to engage in business activities such as providing services, building rental housing, or trading to diversify their livelihoods and gradually adapt to urban life. This trend of livelihood transformation is also driven by the rapidly increasing demand from the influx of people into newly formed wards, including a large number of migrant workers and students renting accommodation. 4. Although cultural and lifestyle changes have been occurring in many aspects, there has not yet been a qualitative change. The tendency for families, including children and grandchildren, to gather around their grandparents and parents is a characteristic feature of long-established communities in Nhan Chinh. In a market economy, clans do not seem to disintegrate; on the contrary, they strive to maintain and strengthen their bonds, and thus clan activities tend to flourish. However, within families and clans, many conflicts and rifts arise due to economic reasons and land disputes. The temple and pagoda, closely associated with the people's religious activities, has been, is, and will continue to be the center of the spiritual and cultural life of the Nhan Chinh community. We can see the almost complete participation of all community members, especially newly arrived residents, in religious activities at the temple and pagoda, particularly during village festivals. Belief in the sacredness of the village's patron saints has had a powerful "assimilating" effect on newcomers. They participate with profound voluntarism and a clear sense of responsibility towards "village affairs." The trend of donating money and valuable items to temples and pagodas is increasing, which is understandable given the rising living standards of the people and the shift in the economic structure from agriculture to non-agriculture. Donations are also an important expression of people's faith in the Saints and Buddhas, and in the traditional values ​​that have existed for thousands of years. Furthermore, the desire for blessings and good fortune is quite common and seems to be an indicator of the "pragmatization" trend in religious belief, viewing Saints and Buddhas as spiritual support bestowing wealth and fortune upon people to help them cope with a changing world full of risks and challenges. INFORMATION ON MASTER'S THESIS 1. Full name : Bui Thi Kim Phuong 2. Sex: Female 3. Date of birth: September 19, 1983 4. Place of birth: Ninh Binh 5. Admission decision number: 2463/2006/QD-XHNV-KH&SĐH Dated: 3rd November 2006 Rector of the University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Hanoi National University 6. Changes in academic process: Extension of time thesis work a year by decision of 807/QD-KH&Graduate, on November 18, 2009 Rector of the University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Hanoi National University 7. Official thesis title: From Village to City: Urbanization and lifestyle transitions in a suburban village in Hanoi 8. Major: Ethnology 9. Code: 60 22 70 10. Supervisors: Dr. Nguyen Van Chinh Hanoi College of Social Sciences and Humanities (Vietnam National University) 11. Summary of the findings of the thesis: Problems of urbanization and urban lifestyle were deeply scientific research. However, these works mainly to serve the research strategies, trends of urbanization in the future at the macro. Particularly on the impacts of urbanization to the cultural perspective of space and lifestyle of people of a metropolitan area suburban areas are not focused research. The process from villages to cities is a process that has just has just had its coercive spontaneous. Transition from village to city has not been studied much, especially at long research establishments as a ward or village to have a close look at the change of lifestyle and economic structure - social not much interested. On the basis of inheriting the fruits of the work ahead, we are going to study a change of lifestyle suburban village has turned into wards in the context of urbanization in Hanoi with the desire to bring a tissue ethnographic description of the cultural perspective of space, lifestyle and behavior of people in their daily lives under the effects of urbanization. For an ethnographic description of social space of a new ward to join the inner city, we want to take a broader perspective on urban life in Hanoi. Overall, Nhan Chinh ward represents a community in the process of urbanization strongly. In measuring the markers of transition, of social stratification in the change in oil about architectural space, in the structure of houses and religious beliefs of the residents here. Ward has many unique Nhan Chinh urban Vietnam is in transition with the appearance of increasingly large and vigorous activities of non-official economic and population growth mechanically strong. Department's move to bring this lifestyle and behavior different indigenous communities, although not greatly affect the relations between the two neighboring villages groups of old and new but it seems the two groups This settlement is a big gap in communication and social relationships, unlike the relationship of traditional village community before urbanization. Besides, the spiritual life of the inhabitants lives in a limited space of land, housing, urban environment in a more volatile and risky, urban population walks seems more emphasis to the religion forms the roof. What this behavior as a reaction brought before the psychological events, uncertainties of urban life. May find the variety of components of population and lifestyle differences in Nhan Chinh ward of residents now are a mix of urban living and rural lifestyle. Under the pressure of urbanization, we see the reefs of broker relationships in the family tradition, but the reverse is also seen as clan cohesion is strengthened and tightened through their activities and worship structures. System landscape architectural space as a traditional tree, wells, house roof, temples, houses three time two bottles is not broken is a unique inner city compared with the period before the village . The transformation of culture and lifestyle, and although much is happening on the surface but there is no change in substance. The trend of convergence of the family children, grandchildren and grandparents around the family, parents are featured in a resident community in Nhan Chinh long. In conditions of market economy, the family does not seem that the reverse split, as trying to maintain and strengthen the cohesion of their rope, and therefore family life tends to rise strongly. However, in the family, many family conflicts also arise, due to cracking and economic causes of land disputes.