TTLV: Methods of indicating time in Thai compared to Vietnamese

INFORMATION ABOUT THE MASTER'S THESIS

1. Student's full name:Supawadi Tamnikrai

2. Gender: Female

3. Date of birth: June 3, 1983

4. Place of birth: Maha Sarakham, Thailand

5. Decision on student admission No. 2808/2016/QD-XHNV-SDH, dated August 18, 2016, by the Rector of the University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University, Hanoi.

6. Changes in the training process: (None)

7. Thesis title:Methods of indicating time in Thai compared to Vietnamese.

8. Major: Linguistics Code: 60.22.02.40

9. Scientific supervisor:Assoc. Prof. Dr. Pham Hung Viet

10. Summary of the thesis results:

This thesis aims to compare the methods of time assignment in Thai and Vietnamese, clarifying the similarities and differences between the two languages ​​through their time assignment methods. The scope of time-denoting nouns is as follows: The time-denoting words discussed in this thesis were collected from Thai and Vietnamese dictionaries, as well as through interviews with native speakers. The analysis uses the criteria of time and time period. From a semantic perspective, time assignment methods can be divided into: methods of determining time within a day and methods of determining time within a day, month, or year.

Thai and Vietnamese have quite similar ways of determining time within a day, that is, referring to time: using numbers based on clocks; based on natural phenomena; based on human or animal actions; and based on landmarks: past – present – ​​future. However, they differ in some specific details.

The methods of determining days, months, and years in the two languages ​​share similarities in the following ways: 1) How to indicate the day of the week, the day of the month according to the lunar and solar calendars, and the day (holiday) within the year according to the lunar and solar calendars; 2) How to determine the "month" within the year according to the lunar and solar calendars, and how to indicate the month according to the season. Vietnamese has a way of indicating months based on human activity, which Thai does not. 3) How to determine the "year" according to the lunar calendar system (the 12 zodiac animals) and the year according to the solar calendar system (Vietnamese based on the Common Era, while Thai based on the Buddhist calendar). In addition, both languages ​​also indicate days, weeks, months, and years based on milestones: past – present – ​​future, and characteristics: beginning – middle – end.

Regarding time periods, both Thai and Vietnamese have: 1) definite time periods using numerals in combination with other time units. 2) indefinite time periods expressing the meaning of time from short to long periods.

Research results show that Thai and Vietnamese languages ​​exhibit a rich and diverse range of time-related expressions. They have collected and created numerous vocabulary units to convey the meaning of time for use in daily activities. This reflects their subjective perception of the objective world, the relationship between language and thought, and the distinctive characteristics of their understanding of time.

11. Practical applications:

The results of this thesis can be applied primarily in the fields of teaching Thai and Vietnamese as foreign languages, translating bilingual literary works, especially Thai and Vietnamese, compiling Thai-Vietnamese and Vietnamese-Thai dictionaries, or supplementing the content of Thai language textbooks for Vietnamese speakers and Vietnamese language textbooks for Thai speakers. This would provide learners with additional foreign language textbooks for reference.

12. Future research directions:

If conditions and time permit, we will research another aspect of time-related terminology, namely the structure of the Thai and Vietnamese languages ​​within this word group, in order to provide a deeper insight into how the cultural and social characteristics of the two countries are expressed.

13. Published works related to the thesis: (none)

INFORMATION ON MASTER'S THESIS

1. Full name: SupawadiTamnikrai 2. Sex: Female

3. Date of birth: June 3, 1983 4. Place of birth: MahaSarakham, Thailand.

5. Admission decision number: 2808/2016/QD-XHNV-SDH August 18, 2016 by the Rector of the University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University, Hanoi.

6. Changes in academic process: (None)

7. Official thesis title: The Comparison of Method of indicating Time in Thai and Vietnamese.

8. Major: Linguistics Code: 60.22.02.40

9. Supervisors: Asst. Prof. Dr. Pham Hung Viet

10. Summary of the findings of the thesis:

This thesis studies and compares method of indicating time between Thai and Vietnamese, clarifying similarities and differences of the two languages, through the method of indicating time. Within nouns indicating time. Words indicating time given in this thesis are collected from Thai Dictionary and Vietnamese Dictionary, as well as by means of questionnaire interviews with native speakers. Use the point of time and period of time for analysis. If semantic comments can be divided into time methods; ways to determine the time in a day, month and year.

In Thai and Vietnamese, there is a way of determining the time of day in a fairly similar way, ie, the time: in numerals shown on the clock; based on natural phenomena; based on human actions or animal actions; based on: past - present - future. And they are different in some details.

The method of identifying dates-months-years in the two languages ​​​​is similar: 1) Method to determine days in a week in month cycle by lunar or calendar, festival days by lunar and calendar 2) Method to determine "month" in year cycle by lunar or calendar, month in a season. In Vietnamese there are only months by human activity which does not exist in Thai. 3) Way to determine "year" by lunar system including 12 animals and year by calendar, the Vietnamese is based on the year of the Christian calendar and the Thai is based on the Buddhist calendar. In addition, both languages ​​are available to indicate day, week, month, year by using the past- present-future and begin – middle – last.

For t period of time, both Thai and Vietnamese have: 1) the period determine use of numbers in combination with other vocabularies indicating time 2) indefinite period signifying meaning of time from short time to long time.

Based on the research results, Thai and Vietnamese show that the time allocation method is quite rich and various. They collect, create multiple units of vocabulary expressing the meaning of time for use in daily activities. That has reflected subjective perception of the objective world, the relationship between language and thinking, and the specificity of time awareness of bilingual users: Thai and Vietnamese.

11. Practical applicability, if any:

The results of the thesis can be applied in the main fields of teaching Thai and Vietnamese as a foreign language. The translation of bilingual literature is in Thai and Vietnamese. In the compilation of Thai - Vietnamese, Vietnamese - Thai dictionary. Or maybe add content in Thai language books for Vietnamese as well as Vietnamese language books for Thai people. In order for learners to have additional foreign language textbooks to study in learning.

12. The future research:

If conditions and time are available, we will study to another aspect of the words indicating time, that is structure of the two Thai-Vietnamese languages ​​​​in this group, to give more insight into how to express the cultural and social characteristics of the two countries.

13. Thesis-related publications: (None)