TTLV: The relationship between parenting behavior and children's sense of happiness

3. Date of birth: 26/01990 4. Place of birth: Gia Van – Gia Vien – Ninh Binh

5. Decision on student admission No. 3014/2019/QD-XHNV dated July 30, 2019, by the Rector of the University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University, Hanoi.

6. Changes in the training process:

7. Thesis title: The relationship between parenting behavior and children's sense of happiness.

8. Major: Psychology; Code: 8310401.01

9. Scientific supervisor: Dr. Truong Quang Lam – Department of Psychology – University of Social Sciences and Humanities

10. Summary of the thesis results:

The main findings of the thesis include:

(1). The study was conducted on 210 junior high school students in Dong Da district, Hanoi and Gia Vien district, Ninh Binh and 420 parents of the students. The research method used was a survey using questionnaires and in-depth interviews, which used the Parent Educational Behavior Scale (APQ) and the Mental Health Spectrum Scale (MHC-SF).

(2). Research results indicate that parents have the highest educational behavior in terms of participating with their children in activities, actively caring for their children, and supervising their children. There are statistically significant differences: mothers' participation in activities with their children is higher than fathers'; urban parents have higher educational behavior than rural parents in terms of participating with their children, actively educating their children, disciplining their children, and supervising their children… Cultural and psychological explanations have shown this significant difference.

(3). In addition, the research results also indicate that the majority of junior high school students self-assess their overall happiness level as average. However, considering each aspect, students rated emotional happiness the highest, followed by psychological happiness, and then social happiness. There are differences in happiness perception among student groups: students with good and excellent academic performance have higher overall happiness and psychological happiness than students with average academic performance; students in grades 6 and 7 have higher social happiness than students in grades 8 and 9.

(4). Regarding the relationship between parental educational behavior and children's happiness, the results show that there is a significant correlation between parental involvement and positive parenting with children's happiness. Negative parenting, such as parents using physical punishment, is reported to be inversely correlated with children's happiness. Thus, when parents have positive parenting behavior, it can increase children's happiness, and conversely, when parents have negative parenting behavior, it can easily lead to a decrease in children's happiness.

(5) From the results of practical investigations, the thesis makes some recommendations to help parents have appropriate child education behaviors according to the psychological characteristics of children's age groups, thereby helping to improve children's sense of happiness and form good personalities for children.

11. Practical applications:

The results of this thesis help parents understand the psychology of their middle school-aged children, and on that basis, to provide appropriate education. Therefore, the results of this thesis serve as a reference for researchers, parents, and teachers in the current education of character for children and adolescents.

12. Future research directions: (if any)

13. Published works related to the thesis: None

1. Full name: Le Thi Thom ; 2. Sex: Female

3. Date of birth: 26/01990 4. Place of birth: Gia Van – Gia Vien – Ninh Binh

5. Admission decision number: 3014/2019/QD-XHNV Date July 30, 2019 of the Rector of University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University, Hanoi.

6. Changes in the academic process:

7. Official thesis title: The relationship between parenting behavior and subjective well-being of children.

8. Major: Psychology; Code: 8310401.01

9. Supervisors: Dr. Truong Quang Lam – Faculty of Psychology – University of Social Sciences and Humanities

10. Summary of the finding of the thesis:

(1). The study was conducted on 210 secondary school students in Dong Da district, Hanoi and Gia Vien district, Ninh Binh and 420 their parents. The research method used is questionnaire and in-depth interview, which uses the Alabama – Parenting - Questionnaire (APQ) and the Mental Health Cotinuum – short form (MHC – SF).

(2). Research results show that parenting behavior is highest in involvement in activities, positive parenting, and supervision of their children. There are some statistical differences, such as: the participation of mothers in activities with their children is higher than that of fathers; Parents in urban areas have higher than parents in rural areas in terms of involvement with their children, positive parenting, and supervision of children… Explanations from a cultural perspective and psychology have shown these significant differences.

(3). In addition, the research results also show that the majority of secondary school students self-assess their overall subjective well-being at an average level. However, in each aspect, students have the highest as emotional happiness, second as psychological happiness, third as social happiness. There is a difference in perceived happiness between groups of students: students with good and excellent academic performance have higher overall happiness and psychological well-being than students with good academic performance; The 6th and 7th graders have a higher sense of social happiness than the 8th and 9th graders.

(4). Regarding the relationship between parenting behavior and subjective well-being of children, the results show that there are significant correlations in the aspect of parental involvement and positive aspect of child education with children's perceived well-being. Negative aspects of child education such as use of physical punishment are reported to be negatively correlated with children's perceived well-being. Thus, when parents have positive parenting behaviors, it can increase subjective well – being of children and vice versa, when parents have negative parenting behaviors, it can easily lead to decrease subjective well – being.

(5) From the results of the practical investigation, the thesis makes some recommendations to help parents educate their children in accordance with the psychological characteristics of the child's age, thereby helping to improve the subjective well-being of children and to form good character for children.

11. Practical applicability:

The results of the thesis help parents understand the psychology of their children of secondary school age, on that basis, have appropriate parenting behavior with the psychology of children. Therefore, the thesis results are a reference for researchers, parents and teachers in character education for children and adolescents today.

12. Further research directions: (if any)

13. Thesis-related publications: none