TTLV: Chinese negative sentences in comparison with Vietnamese

MASTER'S THESIS INFORMATION

1. Student's full name:Li Bao Mei(Ly Bao My)

2. Gender: Female

3. Date of birth: March 4, 1988

4. Place of birth: China

5. Decision on recognition of students No. 30/QD-XHNV-SDH dated January 8, 2013 of the President of the University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University, Hanoi

6. Changes in training process: No

7. Thesis topic name:Cover sentencedeterminetiunmarketableChinese in theopposite tospendunmarketableu and tiunmarketableVietnamese

8. Major: Linguistics Code: 60 22 02 40

9. Scientific instructor:Assoc.Prof.Dr. PHAM HUNG VIETVietnam Institute of Lexicography and Encyclopedia

10. Summary of thesis results:

Through a study of negative sentences with negative structures in literary works of four writers of the same period in China and Vietnam, namely Lu Xun, Chu Tu Thanh, Nam Cao, and Anh Duc, we come to the following conclusions:

A. Negation is one of the important logical categories in linguistics. Most authors believe that negation is a way of refuting and denying the non-existence of properties, properties, states, etc. of people or things.

B. In this thesis, we present and analyze the views on negative sentences in Chinese and Vietnamese of Chinese and Vietnamese researchers on the structural characteristics of negative sentences, types of negation, ways of expressing negation, main negative words, etc.

C. Through the survey, it can be seen that in Chinese as well as Vietnamese, negative words often mark negative sentences. (1) In terms of basic characteristics, Chinese negative sentences are similar to Vietnamese negative sentences; (2) The difference in the classification of negative sentences between Chinese and Vietnamese: Chinese negative sentences are divided according to semantics - pragmatics, while Vietnamese negative sentences are divided according to grammar - logic.

D. The thesis mainly analyzes the most typical negative words in Chinese in comparison with Vietnamese. In Chinese, the three typical negative words are “不”, “没”, “别”. Meanwhile, Vietnamese uses the negative words “khong” and “chang/cha” to mark negative structures.

E. To facilitate the research process, we divided the corresponding negative word groups between the two languages ​​for comparison. For example, the group “不- không”, the group “没- không/chả” and the special negative group “别-đùng”. In which, the reference word group “别-đùng” has a clear admonishing meaning. Although the Chinese word “别” is classified as a typical negative word, in Vietnamese the corresponding word “đùng” is not mentioned much. Therefore, we only conducted a preliminary comparison of the negative structures of these two words.

11. Practical application:

One of the most important and practical features of the thesis is that it can facilitate Chinese people learning Vietnamese as well as Vietnamese people learning Chinese to understand the presentation and usage of negative sentences in these two languages, thereby avoiding mistakes in use.

12. Further research directions: (if any)

- Research to expand the subject of the thesis, for example:

“The Chinese refusal sentence is related to Vietnamese”;

“The rebuttal sentence in Chinese is related to Vietnamese”;

“Forms of expressing negative meaning in Chinese or Vietnamese”

- Comparative researches such as :

“The negative word 不 in comparison with Vietnamese”;

“The negative word 没 in comparison with Vietnamese”;

“The negative word 别 in comparison with Vietnamese”

“Comparing other negative words in Chinese with Vietnamese”

13.Published works related to the thesis:

INFORMATION ON MASTER'S THESIS

1. Full name: Li Bao Mei (LY BAO MY) 2. Sex: Female

3. Date of birth: March 4, 1988 4. Place of birth: China

5. Admission decision number 30/QD-XHNV-SĐH, dated January 8^th2013.

6. Changes in academic process: None

7. Official thesis title: Negative sentences in Chinese in comparison with Vietnamese's

8. Major: Linguistics 9. Code: 60 22 02 40

10. Supervisor(s):Assoc. Prof. Dr. PHAM HUNG VIET – Institute of Lexicography and Encyclopaedia

11. Summary of the findings of the thesis:

Through studying and investigating the negative sentences in literary works of 04 writers of China and Vietnam. They are Lo Tan, Chu Tu Thanh of China and Nam Cao, Anh Duc of Vietnam. We come to the following conclusions:

A. Negation is one of the most important categories in linguistics. Most of linguists claim that negation is a rejecting methods, make negation to non-exists of properties or qualities of people or things.

B. In this thesis, we in turn present and analyze opinions of negative sentences in Chinese and Vietnamese of Chinese as well as Vietnamese researchers on particular negative structures, methods, negative typology and key negative words.

C. Through studying, it is clearly seen that both Chinese and Vietnamese have negative works marking negative sentences: (1) basically, Chinese negative sentences have things in common with Vietnamese's. (2) The differences in classification between Chinese and Vietnamese are: Chinese negation is divided into semantic negation and pragmatic negation while Vietnamese negation is classified into grammatical negation and logical negation.

D. The thesis mainly focuses on contrast and comparison of the most typical negative words in Chinese in comparison with Vietnamese. The three most typical negative works in Chinese are “不”, “没”, “别” while they are ““no” and “no/cha” in Vietnamese.

E. To facilitate the studying process, we classify the relevant negative word groups between two languages, particularly the negative word group of “不-no”, group “没-no/cha” and group “别-don’t”. In there, the group “别-don” specifies the advising meaning. While “别” is a typical negative words in Chinese, the relevant negative words “don't” is not in Vietnamese.

12. Practical applicability, if any:

The most practical and important application of the thesis is to facilitate for Chinese to study Vietnamese as well as Vietnamese to study Chinese and be more understanding about methods and usages of negative sentences in both Chinese and Vietnamese.

13. Further research directions, if any: Our research can be implemented in many further directions:

Further research objectives such as:

- Refusal sentence in Chinese in comparison with Vietnamese.

- Forms of expressing negative meanings in Chinese or Vietnamese.

Comparative researches such as:

- Negative word 不 in comparison with Vietnamese”;

- Negative word 没 in comparison with Vietnamese”.

- Negative word 别 in comparison with Vietnamese”.

14. Thesis-related publications:(List them in chronological order)

Reasons for naming children's nicknames in Hanoi

The meaning of children's nicknames in Hanoi